CO2 photoreduction into high-valued fuels is considered
as a promising route to alleviate the clash between the environment
and energy. Morphology-dependent CeO2 nanocrystallines
with special crystal planes and increased amounts of specific surface
areas, structural defects, and active sites have recently demonstrated
excellent performance in catalysis. In this article, a biomass-assisted
synthesis of CeO2 (BC) photocatalyst is successfully synthesized via a simple yet effective hydrothermal-calcining method
by using commercial Ce(NO3)3 as a precursor
and leaves of Alternanthera philoxeroides (LAP) as a crystal growth modifier. The amount of LAP introduced
into the precursor has a significant effect on regulating the growth
of the formed CeO2 from nanocubes to nanorods for the resulting
BCs. Owing to the emergence of the just right microenvironment for
regulating the growth of the CeO2 nanocrystalline, the
optimal sample of BC-15 with a morphology of nanorods is found to
be the most efficient one as a photocatalyst for CO2 reduction
under visible light. As the major product, the CO yield (126.8 μmol
g–1 at a reaction time of 6 h) of BC-15 is ∼7.4-fold
of the reference CeO2 nanocubes synthesized without LAP
in the precursor. In addition, the underlying evolution process of
the nanorods and detailed mechanism insight into the boosted CO2 photoreduction performance are investigated by means of a
series of experimental characterizations and results. The present
work provides a meaningful protocol to utilize the crystal phase engineering
strategy to design morphology dependence of photocatalysts and assisted
synthesis with renewable biomass materials for solar-to-fuel conversion.