Bacterial community composition of a wastewater treatment system reliant on N2 fixation

Abstract

The temporal stability and change of the dominant phylogenetic groups of the domain bacteria were studied in a model plant-based industrial wastewater treatment system showing high levels of organic carbon removal supported by high levels of N2 fixation. Community profiles were obtained through terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and cloning of 16S rRNA amplicons followed by sequencing. Bacterial community profiles showed that ten common terminal restriction fragments made up approximately 50% of the measured bacterial community. As much as 42% of the measured bacterial community could be monitored by using quantitative PCR and primers that targeted three dominant operational taxonomic units. Despite changes in wastewater composition and dissolved oxygen levels, the bacterial community composition appeared stable and was dominated by alpha-Proteobacteria and beta-Proteobacteria, with a lesser amount of the highly diverse bacterial phylum Bacteroidetes. A short period of considerable change in the bacterial community composition did not appear to affect treatment performance indicating functional redundancy in this treatment system.

Dynamics of Polyphosphate-Accumulating Bacteria in Wastewater Treatment Plant Microbial Communities Detected via DAPI (4′,6′-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole) and Tetracycline Labeling

“…Also, it is now known that other species which long have served as indicator organisms for polyphosphate accumulation do not reliably accumulate polyphosphates under aerobic conditions in the WWTP process stages (13,46). For instance, organisms possessing the ppk gene, which encodes the main enzyme involved in the synthesis of polyphosphate granules, do not always contain granules in a WWTP regardless of the oxygen regimen (e.g., E. coli [30]). Another possible way to approach PAOs in an EBPR process is the application of oligonucleotide FISH probes specific for phylogenetic groups that are known as PAOs.…”

“…It is known that high community diversity is a prerequisite for high resilience, as diverse communities can flexibly react to environmental fluctuations because of the ecological complementarity of functionally redundant groups. This has been demonstrated particularly in wastewater and activated sludge communities (17,30). Future phylogenetic allocation of the upcoming species within the respective subcommunities can be performed using cell sorting as an approach which was already reliably applied (19).…”

Biodiversity of Active and Inactive Bacteria in the Gut Flora of Wood-Feeding Huhu Beetle Larvae (Prionoplus reticularis)

“…The abundance of bacterial and fungal smallsubunit rRNA genes was estimated by quantitative PCR analysis using Eub338 and Eub518 primers for bacteria and 5.8s and ITS1f for fungi (10). Bacterial quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays were conducted as described previously using a LightCycler instrument (Roche Applied Science, Basel, Switzerland), LightCycler software version 3.5, and PCR mix (33). The fungal qPCR conditions were 95°C for 10 min and then 50 cycles of 95°C for 5 s, 55°C for 4 s, and 72°C for 12 s. Duplicate threshold cycle values were converted to copy numbers using a Phanerochaete chrysosporium RP-78 genomic DNA calibration.…”

Review of Molecular Techniques for the Identification of Bacterial Communities in Biological Effluent Treatment Facilities at Pulp and Paper Mills

“…Clones inserted were reamplified directly from the colonies, utilizing the M13/pUC universal forward and reverse sequencing primers to avoid the coamplification of E. coli 16S rDNA genes, clones were differentiated by RFLP. Clones sequenced was identified as α, β, and δ-Proteobacteria and Cytophaga-FlexibacterBacteroides group (Reid et al 2008).…”

“…Muttray et al (2001) analyzed, by PCR and RT-PCR, population dynamics and metabolic activity of Pseudomonas abietaniphila (isolated) within pulp mill wastewater microbial communities. Besides, dominant phylogenetic groups of the domain bacteria were studied by Reid et al (2008) in a model plant-based industrial wastewater treatment system (mixed liquor samples). Three important operational taxonomy units (OUT), represented with high relative abundances were analyzed by quantitative PCR to confirm their abundance in the community profile.…”