Bacterial composition of soils in ponderosa pine and mixed conifer forests exposed to different wildfire burn severity

Weber, Carolyn F.; Lockhart, J. Scott; Charaska, Emily; Aho, Ken; Lohse, Kathleen A.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.11.010

Cited by 74 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Legacies that survive in these more isolated, potentially extreme conditions, however, might be particularly important in advancing reforestation rates. For example, these individuals occupy an advantageous position for the dispersal of seeds into places where soil nutrients have been released by fire [68,69]. In the mid-range of the gradient, the ecotones present in mixed neighborhoods (i.e., with a varying proportion of low-to high-severity context) have been found to represent a diversity of resources and habitats that support important ecological functions [69][70][71][72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Spatial Neighborhoods of Refugia Following Large Fires in Northern New Mexico USA

Haire¹,

Miller

2017

Land

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Abstract:The spatial patterns resulting from large fires include refugial habitats that support surviving legacies and promote ecosystem recovery. To better understand the diverse ecological functions of refugia on burn mosaics, we used remotely sensed data to quantify neighborhood patterns of areas relatively unchanged following the 2011 Las Conchas fire. Spatial patterns of refugia measured within 10-ha moving windows varied across a gradient from areas of high density, clustered in space, to sparsely populated neighborhoods that occurred in the background matrix. The scaling of these patterns was related to the underlying structure of topography measured by slope, aspect and potential soil wetness, and spatially varying climate. Using a nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis of species cover data collected post-Las Conchas, we found that trees and forest associates were present across the refugial gradient, but communities also exhibited a range of species compositions and potential functions. Spatial patterns of refugia quantified for three previous burns (La Mesa 1977, Dome 1996, Cerro Grande 2000 were dynamic between fire events, but most refugia persisted through at least two fires. Efforts to maintain burn heterogeneity and its ecological functions can begin with identifying where refugia are likely to occur, using terrain-based microclimate models, burn severity models and available field data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Spatial Neighborhoods of Refugia Following Large Fires in Northern New Mexico USA

Haire¹,

Miller

2017

Land

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“…For example, two western CZOs in the United States have studied the impacts of wildfire on soil microbiota (Weber et al, 2014), sediment yields (Orem and Pelletier, 2016), snow accumulation (Harpold et al, 2014), and water quality (Murphy et al, 2012;Reale et al, 2015). Likewise, effects of the 2013 Colorado Front Range storm (Gochis et al, 2015) on debris flows , soil moisture (Ebel et al, 2015), cosmogenic radionuclides (Foster and Anderson, 2016), and concentration-discharge behavior (Rue et al, 2017) were studied at the Boulder Creek CZO.…”

Section: The Nine Emergent Roles Of Czosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing a network of critical zone observatories to explore the living skin of the terrestrial Earth

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The critical zone (CZ), the dynamic living skin of the Earth, extends from the top of the vegetative canopy through the soil and down to fresh bedrock and the bottom of the groundwater. All humans live in and depend on the CZ. This zone has three co-evolving surfaces: the top of the vegetative canopy, the ground surface, and a deep subsurface below which Earth's materials are unweathered. The network of nine CZ observatories supported by the US National Science Foundation has made advances in three broad areas of CZ research relating to the co-evolving surfaces. First, monitoring has revealed how natural and anthropogenic inputs at the vegetation canopy and ground surface cause subsurface responses in water, regolith structure, minerals, and biotic activity to considerable depths. This response, in turn, impacts aboveground biota and climate. Second, drilling and geophysical imaging now reveal how the deep subsurface of the CZ varies across landscapes, which in turn influences aboveground ecosystems. Third, several new mechanistic models now provide quantitative predictions of the spatial structure of the subsurface of the CZ.Many countries fund critical zone observatories (CZOs) to measure the fluxes of solutes, water, energy, gases, and sediments in the CZ and some relate these observations to the histories of those fluxes recorded in landforms, biota, soils, sediments, and rocks. Each US observatory has succeeded in (i) synthesizing research across disciplines into convergent approaches; (ii) providing long-term measurements to compare across sites; (iii) testing and developing models; (iv) collecting and measuring baseline data for comparison to catastrophic events; (v) stimulating new process-based hypotheses; (vi) catalyzing development of new techniques and instrumentation; (vii) informing the public about the CZ; (viii) mentoring students and teaching about emerging multidisciplinary CZ science; and (ix) discovering new insights about the CZ. Many of these activities can only be accomplished with observatories. Here we review the CZO enterprise in the United States and identify how such observatoriesPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 842 S. L. Brantley et al.: Designing a network of critical zone observatories could operate in the future as a network designed to generate critical scientific insights. Specifically, we recognize the need for the network to study network-level questions, expand the environments under investigation, accommodate both hypothesis testing and monitoring, and involve more stakeholders. We propose a driving question for future CZ science and a "hubs-and-campaigns" model to address that question and target the CZ as one unit. Only with such integrative efforts will we learn to steward the life-sustaining critical zone now and into the future.

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“…DNA extractions were performed according to the manufacturer's protocol, with the exception of using 50 mL volumes to elute purified DNA from the spin columns in the final step of the protocol. The 16S rRNA gene fragments were amplified in triplicate from each of the 24 DNA extracts using PCR conditions previously described by Weber et al (2014) and primers 515F (5 0 -GTGCCAGCMGCCGCGGTAA-3 0 ) and 806R (5 0 -GGACTACVSGGGTATCTAAT-3 0 ) from Caporaso et al (2011), which amplify a~254 bp fragment of the V4 hypervariable region of the gene. PCR products were resolved and visualized using gel electrophoresis (1% agarose gel in tris acetate EDTA buffer) with ethidium bromide straining to confirm successful amplification.…”

Section: Soil Dna Extraction Pcr and Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial composition of soils in ponderosa pine and mixed conifer forests exposed to different wildfire burn severity

Cited by 74 publications

References 44 publications

Characterizing Spatial Neighborhoods of Refugia Following Large Fires in Northern New Mexico USA

Characterizing Spatial Neighborhoods of Refugia Following Large Fires in Northern New Mexico USA

Designing a network of critical zone observatories to explore the living skin of the terrestrial Earth

Reduced vertical stratification of soil bacterial community structure and composition is associated with Bromus tectorum invasion of sagebrush steppe

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