Bacterial Deterioration of Marble Monuments: A Case Study of the Conservation Project of Acropolis Monuments

Savvides, Alexandros L.; Nikolakopoulou, Theodora L.; Kyratsous, Nikolaos I.; Katsifas, Efstathios A.; Kanini, G.S.; Karagouni, Amalia D.

doi:10.1080/01490451.2014.885618

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Metabolism of the microbial lithobiotic community is a powerful factor in modern mineral formation [1,2]. In particular, it has been shown for number of fungal species isolated from different rock substrates [3][4][5] as well as for some species of bacteria [6,7]. Carbonates (mainly calcite) may form under the influence of bacteria [8][9][10] and oxalates (salts of oxalic acid)-under the action of microscopic fungi and lichens [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbonate and Oxalate Crystallization by Interaction of Calcite Marble with Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus subtilis–Aspergillus niger Association

et al. 2020

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Rock surfaces in natural systems are inhabited by multispecies communities of microorganisms. The biochemical activity of microorganisms and the patterns of microbial crystallization in these communities are mostly unexplored. Patterns of calcium carbonate and calcium oxalate crystallization induced by bacteria Bacillus subtilis and by B. subtilis together with Aspergillus niger on marble surface in vitro in liquid medium and in humidity chamber—were studied. Phase identification was supported by XRD, SEM, EDXS; metabolite composition was determined by GC–MS. It was found that the activity of B. subtilis–A. niger associations significantly differ from the activity of B. subtilis monocultures in the same trophic conditions. The phase composition and the morphology of the forming crystals are determined by the composition of the metabolites excreted by the microorganisms—particularly by the ratio of the concentrations of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and oxalic acid in the medium. The acidification activity of micromycetes may suppress the formation of bacterial EPS and prevent the formation of calcite. The present results can be used in the development of biotechnologies using microbial communities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for oxalate crystallization, it is well known that it occurs as a result of the interaction of rocks and minerals with oxalic acid secreted by microorganisms in a wide range of pH values [4,7,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonate and Oxalate Crystallization by Interaction of Calcite Marble with Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus subtilis–Aspergillus niger Association

et al. 2020

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Biocontamination and diversity of epilithic bacteria and fungi colonising outdoor stone and mortar sculptures

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Madureira

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et al. 2022

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Perspectives for antimicrobial nanomaterials in cultural heritage conservation

Franco‐Castillo

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et al. 2021

Chem

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The biodeterioration of artistic and architectural heritage represents a serious and recurring problem for museums, local authorities, and private collectors alike, where irreparable damage to unique artifacts can result in immeasurable losses to our shared cultural heritage. Here, we present an overview of the current trends in antimicrobial products used to protect heritage items from microbial colonization and prevent their deterioration. From a conservation-restoration standpoint, we contrast and compare traditional antimicrobial products with the state of the art in antimicrobial nanomaterials applied in the heritage conservation field, highlighting the promising potential of various different nanomaterials, as well as points of concern and clear red flags from some of the emerging research. Through an examination of the growing body of research in the academic literature we offer recommendations and practical advice on selecting appropriate microbiological assays and characterization techniques to better evaluate the in vitro and in situ antimicrobial properties of nanomaterials.

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Bacterial Deterioration of Marble Monuments: A Case Study of the Conservation Project of Acropolis Monuments

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Carbonate and Oxalate Crystallization by Interaction of Calcite Marble with Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus subtilis–Aspergillus niger Association

Carbonate and Oxalate Crystallization by Interaction of Calcite Marble with Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus subtilis–Aspergillus niger Association

Biocontamination and diversity of epilithic bacteria and fungi colonising outdoor stone and mortar sculptures

Perspectives for antimicrobial nanomaterials in cultural heritage conservation

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