Bacterial membranes: possible source of a major dissolved protein in seawater

Tanoue, Eiichiro; Nishiyama, Sumie; Kamo, Masaharu; Tsugita, Akira

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(95)00134-4

Cited by 146 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Proteinaceous compounds are viewed as labile in the environment [27] and their survival and occurrence have been explained through protection mechanisms such as encapsulation and formation of microbially resistant complexes with carbohydrates and lignin. [28][29][30] Lam et al [12] detected weak protein/ peptide contributions, which were considered to be only a minor component in Lake Ontario DOM. However, the spectra generated indicate that the protein/peptide contribution may vary considerably between DOM from different sources in freshwater environments.…”

Section: General Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of dissolved organic matter within a lacustrine environment

McCaul¹,

Sutton²,

Simpson³

et al. 2011

Environ. Chem.

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Environmental context. Freshwater dissolved organic matter is a complex chemical mixture central to many environmental processes, including carbon and nitrogen cycling. Questions remain, however, as to its chemical characteristics, sources and transformation mechanisms. We studied the nature of dissolved organic matter in a lake system and found that it is influenced by anthropogenic activities. Human activities can therefore influence the huge amounts of carbon sequestered in lakes as dissolved organic matter.Abstract. Freshwater dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex mixture of chemical components that are central to many environmental processes, including carbon and nitrogen cycling. However, questions remain as to its chemical characteristics, sources and transformation mechanisms. Here, we employ 1-and 2-D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to investigate the structural components of lacustrine DOM from Ireland, and how it varies within a lake system, as well as to assess potential sources. Major components found, such as carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM) are consistent with those recently identified in marine and freshwater DOM. Lignin-type markers and protein/peptides were identified and vary spatially. Phenylalanine was detected in lake areas influenced by agriculture, whereas it is not detectable where zebra mussels are prominent. The presence of peptidoglycan, lipoproteins, large polymeric carbohydrates and proteinaceous material supports the substantial contribution of material derived from microorganisms. Evidence is provided that peptidoglycan and silicate species may in part originate from soil microbes.

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Section: General Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of dissolved organic matter within a lacustrine environment

McCaul¹,

Sutton²,

Simpson³

et al. 2011

Environ. Chem.

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“…The total DON pool consists of numerous low and high molecular weight (LMW, HMW) compounds and compound classes of varying concentration and bioavailability including amino acids, N-acetyl amino polysaccharides (for example, chitin and peptidoglycan), dissolved proteins and uncharacterizable proteinaceous matter (Tanoue et al, 1995;McCarthy et al, 1997McCarthy et al, , 1998Aluwihare et al, 2005). Microbial heterotrophy can control the flux and composition of DON (Carlson and Ducklow, 1995), yet the specific organisms responsible for DON transformations and their biochemical mechanisms are poorly understood (Aluwihare and Meador, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse, uncultivated bacteria and archaea underlying the cycling of dissolved protein in the ocean

et al. 2016

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Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) supports a significant amount of heterotrophic production in the ocean. Yet, to date, the identity and diversity of microbial groups that transform DON are not well understood. To better understand the organisms responsible for transforming high molecular weight (HMW)-DON in the upper ocean, isotopically labeled protein extract from Micromonas pusilla, a eukaryotic member of the resident phytoplankton community, was added as substrate to euphotic zone water from the central California Current system. Carbon and nitrogen remineralization rates from the added proteins ranged from 0.002 to 0.35 μmol C l − 1 per day and 0.03 to 0.27 nmol N l − 1 per day. DNA stable-isotope probing (DNA-SIP) coupled with high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes linked the activity of 77 uncultivated freeliving and particle-associated bacterial and archaeal taxa to the utilization of Micromonas protein extract. The high-throughput DNA-SIP method was sensitive in detecting isotopic assimilation by individual operational taxonomic units (OTUs), as substrate assimilation was observed after only 24 h. Many uncultivated free-living microbial taxa are newly implicated in the cycling of dissolved proteins affiliated with the Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes, Actinobacteria and Marine Group II (MGII) Euryarchaeota. In addition, a particle-associated community actively cycling DON was discovered, dominated by uncultivated organisms affiliated with MGII, Flavobacteria, Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia and Bdellovibrionaceae. The number of taxa assimilating protein correlated with genomic representation of TonB-dependent receptor (TBDR)-encoding genes, suggesting a possible role of TBDR in utilization of dissolved proteins by marine microbes. Our results significantly expand the known microbial diversity mediating the cycling of dissolved proteins in the ocean.

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“…Using 15NNMR, showed that the major nitrogen resonance in HMW DOM was amide, arising from proteins or acetylated amino sugars. In accordance with the carbohydrate data, identifiable biochemicals, for example bacterial membrane proteins (Tanoue et al, 1995) have also been isolated from the HMW dissolved organic nitrogen pooL However, amino acid analysis accounts for only 4-5% of the total carbon in HMW DOM and approximately 11-29% of the total nitrogen in HMW DOM . Acetylated amino sugars have also been identified in HMW DOM by GC , HPLC and mass spectrometry (Klap, 1997 , is the only practical technique for processing the large volume samples (10-1000 1) required for the isolation ofDOM for more sophisticated analytical techniques such as NMR, MS and infrared spectroscopy (IR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…In Section 2.3.1 it was shown that there was no depth related change in the e/N ratio ofHMW DOM. In both surface and deep waters, the average C/N ratio was shown to be 15, indicating that both the newly sediments (Keil and Kirchman, 1991;Knicker et al, 1996;Tanoue et al, 1995), indicating that unhydrolyzable proteins may be the nitrogen component upwelled from deep waters. As mentioned before, the hydrolysis products showed the presence of amino acids, accounting for 20% oftotal nitrogen in the sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High molecular weight (HMW) dissolved organic matter (DOM) in seawater : chemical structure, sources and cycling

Aluwihare¹

1999

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Bacterial membranes: possible source of a major dissolved protein in seawater

Cited by 146 publications

References 39 publications

Composition of dissolved organic matter within a lacustrine environment

Composition of dissolved organic matter within a lacustrine environment

Diverse, uncultivated bacteria and archaea underlying the cycling of dissolved protein in the ocean

High molecular weight (HMW) dissolved organic matter (DOM) in seawater : chemical structure, sources and cycling

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