Bacterial Pathogens Isolated From Surgical Site Infections and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility

Petca, Aida

doi:10.31925/farmacia.2021.4.15

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…A few microorganisms are encountered more frequently in SSI following gynecological surgeries (3,12). In abdominal approaches, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis infection are the most prevalent (12), whereas in vulvar/perinea incisions anaerobic bacteria, gram-negative aerobes or polymicrobial pathogens (vaginal incision) are more frequent (3,12). For C-sections, ureaplasma species, coagulase-negative staphylococci, anaerobes, gram-negative species, Staphylococcus aureus and B group Streptococcus seem to prevail (3).…”

Section: Adapting Surgical 'Bundles' To Prevent Surgical Site Infecti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comorbidities, including chronic renal insufficiency, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score >3 (the ASA score evaluates the basal status of individuals, including comorbidities), advanced age and male sex, are likewise risk factors for SSI (12,17,23).…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increased duration of the surgical procedure (>180 min) has been demonstrated to be a risk factor for SSI in both abdominal and laparoscopic approaches (2,8,9,12). Furthermore, an incision length ≥20 cm has been demonstrated to serve a role in SSI development (5).…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is widely considered as the primary cause of SSI (8,9,11). Patients can often be colonized from former hospitalizations (12). MRSA decontamination in gynecologic patients is often incomplete and does not seem to reduce SSI (9).…”

Section: Skin Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The key is to use appropriate antibiotics, according to local germ prevalence and antimicrobial resistance, specific to each surgical field (12,29). The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends no antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with low risk of SSI who undergo clean procedures (hysteroscopy, laparoscopy and laparotomy) and recommends antibiotic prophylaxis for hysterectomy, induced abortion, hysterosalpingogram and uro-gynecology procedures (30).…”

Section: Skin Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adapting surgical ‘bundles’ to prevent surgical site infections in obstetrics and gynecology (Review)

et al. 2022

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Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a complication in any surgical field and they are responsible for 38% of surgery-related patient deaths. Identifying appropriate prophylaxis and solutions to combat SSIs is of global interest. Several studies and reports on SSI raise awareness of this costly complication, both in terms of physical and mental suffering, and as a monetary burden. Knowing the risk factors and implementing strategies to reduce SSI risk represent an adequate approach to reduce SSI incidence. General risk factors of SSI are applicable in the obstetrics and gynecology field, alongside its specific characteristics, including immunological changes occurring during pregnancy, as well as disturbances of vaginal microbiota. The risk of SSI is determined by patient factors but also by preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative care. 'Bundle' prevention strategies have been smartly adopted and their efficiency has been demonstrated in colorectal surgery, cesarean deliveries and gynecological oncology surgeries.'Bundle' measures may vary among studies, but they remain important prevention methods, which contribute to decreasing SSIs, which is a favorable outcome, and thus, are increasingly used as a routine practice. Therefore, healthcare personnel should aim for the early identification of risk factors to minimize the risk of SSI. All evidence-based methods for preventing and treating SSIs in all surgical fields should be considered to be integral components in order for the best care to be provided to patients. Contents1. Introduction 2. Risk factors 3. Prevention 4. Surgical 'bundles' 5. Conclusion

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Section: Adapting Surgical 'Bundles' To Prevent Surgical Site Infecti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Skin Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Skin Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adapting surgical ‘bundles’ to prevent surgical site infections in obstetrics and gynecology (Review)

et al. 2022

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Geographical mapping and temporal trends of Acinetobacter baumannii carbapenem resistance: A comprehensive meta-analysis

Beig,

Parvizi,

Navidifar

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is of critical concern in healthcare settings, leading to limited treatment options. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of CRAB by examining temporal, geographic, and bias-related variations. Methods We systematically searched prominent databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE. Quality assessment was performed using the JBI checklist. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the COVID-19 timeframes, years, countries, continents, and bias levels, antimicrobial susceptivity test method and guidelines. Results Our comprehensive meta-analysis, which included 795 studies across 80 countries from 1995 to 2023, revealed a surge in carbapenem resistance among A. baumannii, imipenem (76.1%), meropenem (73.5%), doripenem (73.0%), ertapenem (83.7%), and carbapenems (74.3%). Temporally, 2020–2023 witnessed significant peaks, particularly in carbapenems (81.0%) and meropenem (80.7%), as confirmed by meta-regression, indicating a steady upward trend. Conclusion This meta-analysis revealed an alarmingly high resistance rate to CRAB as a global challenge, emphasizing the urgent need for tailored interventions. Transparency, standardized methodologies, and collaboration are crucial for the accurate assessment and maintenance of carbapenem efficacy.

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Analysis of Adverse Reactions Related to Prophylactic Antibiotherapy in Patients With Class I Orthopaedic Incision

LIU¹

2022

FARMACIA

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This study was developed to analyse the effect of prophylactic use of antibiotics on postoperative infection and adverse reactions in patients with class I orthopaedic incisions. A total of 120 orthopaedic incision patients undergoing elective surgery were divided into a control group (44 cases, routine antibacterial treatment) and an intervention group (76 cases, preoperative prophylactic antibiotics). The time of using antibiotics, types of drugs, combination drugs, the rate of additional antimicrobial requests, length of hospital stay, cost of antibiotics and adverse reaction rate were compared between the two groups. Compared with the control group, the use rate of antibiotics in the intervention group increased within 0.5 h before the operation, 0.5 -2 h and 2 h after the operation and within 24 h after the operation, the use rate of class I cephalosporin antibiotics increased, the use rate of antibiotics alone increased, the rate of additional antimicrobial request for patients with an operation time exceeding 3 h decreased and the average cost of antibiotics decreased. Compared with the control group, the intervention group had a drastically lower adverse reaction rate and postoperative infection rate. In conclusion, the preoperative administration of reasonable and standardized prophylactic antibiotics can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative infection and adverse reactions in patients with class I orthopaedic incisions and reduce the cost of treatment. RezumatAcest studiu a evaluat efectul utilizarea profilactică a antibioticelor asupra infecției postoperatorii și a reacțiilor adverse la pacienții cu incizii ortopedice de clasa I. Un total de 120 de pacienți cu incizie ortopedică supuși unei intervenții chirurgicale elective au fost împărțiți într-un grup de control (44 de cazuri, tratament antibacterian de rutină) și un grup de intervenție (76 de cazuri, antibiotice profilactice preoperatorii). Durata tratamentului, tipurile de antibiotice și combinațiile acestora, rata solicitărilor suplimentare de antimicrobiene, durata spitalizării, costul antibioticelor și incidența reacțiilor adverse au fost comparate între cele două grupuri. Comparativ cu grupul de control, rata de utilizare a antibioticelor în grupul de intervenție a crescut cu 0,5 ore înainte de operație, 0,5 -2 ore după operație și 2 ore în 24 ore după operație, iar rata cererii suplimentare de antimicrobiene pentru pacienții cu o durată de operație mai mare de 3 ore a scăzut, precum și costul mediu al antibioticelor. Comparativ cu grupul de control, în grupul de intervenție frecvența reacțiilor adverse și a infecțiilor postoperatorii a fost semnificativ mai mică. În concluzie, administrarea profilactică preoperatorie a antibioticelor poate reduce eficient incidența infecțiilor postoperatorii și a reacțiilor adverse la pacienții cu incizii ortopedice de clasa I și poate diminua costul tratamentului.

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Bacterial Pathogens Isolated From Surgical Site Infections and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Adapting surgical ‘bundles’ to prevent surgical site infections in obstetrics and gynecology (Review)

Adapting surgical ‘bundles’ to prevent surgical site infections in obstetrics and gynecology (Review)

Geographical mapping and temporal trends of Acinetobacter baumannii carbapenem resistance: A comprehensive meta-analysis

Analysis of Adverse Reactions Related to Prophylactic Antibiotherapy in Patients With Class I Orthopaedic Incision

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