Bacterial species from retailed poultry eggs in Tshwane, South Africa: Implication for consumers

Jambalang, Alexander Ray; Buys, E.M.; Botha, Francien Susanna

doi:10.17159/sajs.2017/20160232

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For further evaluation of L. alata , two strains from the American Type Culture Collection, Salmonella Typhimurium (ATCC 14028) and S . Enteritidis (ATCC 13076), and local isolates of S. Dublin, S. Braenderup and S. Typhimurium provided by the Phytomedicine Programme, University of Pretoria [ 35 ] were included.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antibacterial activity of Loxostylis alata extracts and isolated compounds against Salmonella species

Gado

Abdalla

Ahmed

et al. 2021

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background Owing to antibiotic resistance, alternative antimicrobials from medicinal plants are receiving attention as leads for anti-infective agents. This study aimed to investigate selected tree species and their constituents for activity against bacterial foodborne pathogens, particularly Salmonella serovars. Methods Antibacterial activity of ten plant species was determined by serial microdilution against bacteria implicated in causing gastrointestinal ailments. Active compounds were isolated from Loxostylis alata using bioassay-guided fractionation. Antioxidant activity was determined using free-radical scavenging assays. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the extracts was ascertained on Vero cells, and using the Ames assay respectively. Results Extracts had low to moderate MIC values from 0.04 to 2.5 mg/mL. Protorhus longifolia and Loxostylis alata were most active and L. alata had the highest selectivity index value (2.51) against Salmonella Typhimurium, as well as high antioxidant activity. Cytotoxicity values ranged from 0.02 to 0.47 mg/mL, while tested extracts were not genotoxic. Bioactive compounds isolated from L. alata included delicaflavone and a polymethoxyflavone. Conclusions The Loxostylis alata leaf extract had strong activity against Salmonella serovars but isolated compounds were less active, indicating likely synergistic effects. Extracts of L. alata are promising candidates for development of antimicrobial preparations or food additives against microbial contamination.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antibacterial activity of Loxostylis alata extracts and isolated compounds against Salmonella species

Gado

Abdalla

Ahmed

et al. 2021

BMC Complement Med Ther

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“…Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was found as a dominant species in the competitive exclusion cultures used in poultry production (Wagner, Paine, & Cerniglia, 2003) and was also isolated from broiler drinking water systems (Maes et al, 2019) and commercial eggs (Jambalang, Buys, & Botha, 2017). Finally, R. ornithinolytica was recently isolated from chicken feces in China (Wang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Other Mdr Gram-negative Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

The occurrence of Salmonella, extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase producing Escherichia coli and carbapenem resistant non‐fermenting Gram‐negative bacteria in a backyard poultry flock environment

Shah

Board

Crespo

et al. 2020

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Increase in the number of small‐scale backyard poultry flocks in the USA has substantially increased human‐to‐live poultry contact, leading to increased public health risks of the transmission of multi‐drug resistant (MDR) zoonotic and food‐borne bacteria. The objective of this study was to detect the occurrence of Salmonella and MDR Gram‐negative bacteria (GNB) in the backyard poultry flock environment. A total of 34 backyard poultry flocks in Washington State (WA) were sampled. From each flock, one composite coop sample and three drag swabs from nest floor, waterer‐feeder, and a random site with visible faecal smearing, respectively, were collected. The samples were processed for isolation of Salmonella and other fermenting and non‐fermenting GNB under ceftiofur selection. Each isolate was identified to species level using MALDI‐TOFF and tested for resistance against 16 antibiotics belonging to eight antibiotic classes. Salmonella serovar 1,4,[5],12:i:‐ was isolated from one (3%) out of 34 flocks. Additionally, a total of 133 ceftiofur resistant (CefR) GNB including Escherichia coli (53), Acinetobacter spp. (45), Pseudomonas spp. (22), Achromobacter spp. (8), Bordetella trematum (1), Hafnia alvei (1), Ochrobactrum intermedium (1), Raoultella ornithinolytica (1), and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (1) were isolated. Of these, 110 (82%) isolates displayed MDR. Each flock was found positive for the presence of one or more CefR GNB. Several MDR E. coli (n = 15) were identified as extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL) positive. Carbapenem resistance was detected in non‐fermenting GNB including Acinetobacter spp. (n = 20), Pseudomonas spp. (n = 11) and Stenotrophomonas maltophila (n = 1). ESBL positive E. coli and carbapenem resistant non‐fermenting GNB are widespread in the backyard poultry flock environment in WA State. These GNB are known to cause opportunistic infections, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Better understanding of the ecology and epidemiology of these GNB in the backyard poultry flock settings is needed to identify potential risks of transmission to people in proximity.

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“…The shell is the most exposed part of the egg thus, Shigella sp. and Salmonella sp., which are enteric commensals, may have been transferred to the egg during the laying process or by trans-shell contamination with faecal material of animal and/or human origin (Pattison et al, 2008;Jambalang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of antibiotics resistance in bacteria isolated from retailed eggshell in three major markets in Minna, Nigeria

Adabara¹,

Amarachi²,

Adedeji³

et al. 2020

NJPAS

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Food borne disease associated with inappropriately treated or untreated eggs is a major public health problem affecting developing and developed countries. This study isolated, identified and determined the Antibiogram of bacteria isolates from eggshell of eggs obtained from three major markets in Minna, Nigeria. A total of ten (10) duplicate egg samples were purchased from egg retailers. The egg samples were analyzed for the enumeration and isolation of bacteria. The isolated bacteria were identified using biochemical methods. Antibiotic susceptibility test to prescribed commercially available antibiotic discs was also investigated. The total viable bacteria count (TVBC) ranged from 1.38×104 - 2.52×104 cfu/mL while the total coliform count (TCC) ranged from 8.5×103 - 2.02×104 cfu/mL. Escherichia coli (9.1%), Streptococcus pyogenes (4.5%), Enterococcus sp. (4.5%), Shigella sp. (13.6%), Salmonella sp. (13.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (36.4%), Clostridium sp. (9.1%) and Neisseria sp. (9.1%) were isolated and identified from eggshells. Gram positive bacteria showed highest sensitivity to gentamycin (100%) however, resist cloxacillin, ceftadizime and erythromycin (100%). Similarly, there was no ciprofloxacin resistant Gram-negative bacteria though E. coli, Salmonella sp. and Shigella sp. isolated from eggshells were resistant to augmentin and amoxicillin. Further analysis of result revealed that all the isolated bacteria from eggshells were multidrug resistant except Neisseria sp. with multidrug resistant index greater than 0.2. The fact that these antibiotic resistant bacteria can be transferred to humans is of public health concern. Therefore, stringent use of public health regulations for cleaning eggs before retailing is advocated.

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Bacterial species from retailed poultry eggs in Tshwane, South Africa: Implication for consumers

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

In vitro antibacterial activity of Loxostylis alata extracts and isolated compounds against Salmonella species

In vitro antibacterial activity of Loxostylis alata extracts and isolated compounds against Salmonella species

The occurrence of Salmonella, extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase producing Escherichia coli and carbapenem resistant non‐fermenting Gram‐negative bacteria in a backyard poultry flock environment

Study of antibiotics resistance in bacteria isolated from retailed eggshell in three major markets in Minna, Nigeria

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