Bacteriocin production enhancing mechanism of Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum RX-8 response to Wickerhamomyces anomalus Y-5 by transcriptomic and proteomic analyses

Abstract

Plantaricin is a kind of bacteriocin with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity on several food pathogens and spoilage microorganisms, showing potential in biopreservation applications. However, the low yield of plantaricin limits its industrialization. In this study, it was found that the co-culture of Wickerhamomyces anomalus Y-5 and Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum RX-8 could enhance plantaricin production. To investigate the response of L. paraplantarum RX-8 facing W. anomalus Y-5 and understand the mechanisms activated when increasing plantaricin yield, comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of L. paraplantarum RX-8 were performed in mono-culture and co-culture. The results showed that different genes and proteins in the phosphotransferase system (PTS) were improved and enhanced the uptake of certain sugars; the key enzyme activity in glycolysis was increased with the promotion of energy production; arginine biosynthesis was downregulated to increase glutamate mechanism and then promoted plantaricin yield; and the expression of several genes/proteins related to purine metabolism was downregulated and those related to pyrimidine metabolism was upregulated. Meanwhile, the increase of plantaricin synthesis by upregulation of plnABCDEF cluster expression under co-culture indicated that the PlnA-mediated quorum sensing (QS) system took part in the response mechanism of L. paraplantarum RX-8. However, the absence of AI-2 did not influence the inducing effect on plantaricin production. Mannose, galactose, and glutamate were critical metabolites and significantly simulate plantaricin production (p < 0.05). In summary, the findings provided new insights into the interaction between bacteriocin-inducing and bacteriocin-producing microorganisms, which may serve as a basis for further research into the detailed mechanism.

Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum BPF2 and Pediococcus acidilactici ST6, Two Bacteriocinogenic Isolated Strains from Andalusian Spontaneous Fermented Sausages

“…Consistent with our findings, some authors have also reported the isolation of Lpb. paraplantarum strains with biotechnological interest, including bacteriocin production, from spontaneously fermented foods such as fermented mushrooms, Chinese pickles, and Korean fermented foods [ 61 , 62 , 63 ].…”

“…paraplantarum , recent studies have highlighted the capability of Lpb. paraplantarum RX-8, isolated from traditional pickles, to produce plantaricin, linked to its antibacterial activity [ 61 ]. Furthermore, other studies have highlighted the potential use of similar bacteriocinogenic strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum for animal nutrition, showing promising results in mitigating methane emissions in ruminants [ 73 ].…”

“…Consistent with our findings, some authors have also reported the isolation of Lpb. paraplantarum strains with biotechnological interest, including bacteriocin production, from spontaneously fermented foods such as fermented mushrooms, Chinese pickles, and Korean fermented foods [61][62][63]. The color scale represents the similarity between the different genes: light red and blue = 68% similarity; dark red and blue = up to 100% similarity; red corresponds to direct similarity and blue to inverse similarity.…”

Bacteriocin-induced mechanism of Wickerhamomyces anomalus Y-5 co-cultured with Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum RX-8 by transcriptomic and proteomic analysis

“…Compared with W. anomalus Y-5 in mono-culture, W. anomalus Y-5 in co-culture suffered multiple stress including acid stress, osmotic pressure and absence of nutrients, which led to W. anomalus Y-5 growth slowly and cell number decline [14]. In the acid environment, the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway in yeast regulates cell death [20].…”

“…In the previous study, we found that the co-culture of W.anomalus Y-5 and L. paraplantarum RX-8 could enhance plantaricin production [14]. The response mechanism of L. paraplantarum RX-8 facing W. anomalus Y-5 has been investigated.…”