Bacteriological and molecular typing of &lt;i&gt;Clostridium            perfringens&lt;/i&gt; strains isolated in retail beef in Beijing, China

Jiang, Hui; Qin, Yuming; Yang, Xiaotong; Li, Qiaoling; Shen, Qijun; Ding, Jiabo; Wei, Run-Yu; Zhang, Jiandong; Sun, Jiali; Sun, Mingjun; Fan, Xuezheng

doi:10.1292/jvms.21-0129

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…All the samples were put into tubes containing 10 ml of thioglycollate broth (HiMedia, Mumbai, India), which was used as transportation and enrichment media, at the site of collection it was transferred directly to the laboratory and incubated overnight at 37 ○ C for enrichment before inoculation onto CHROMagar TM C. perfringens (CHROMagar, France), which is a novel chromogenic selective culture medium. This media was prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions, while blood agar was incubated anaerobically prepared, using gas packs (Thermo Scientific™ Oxoid™ AnaeroGen™ 2.5L Sachet) and anaerobic jar (The 2.5-litre Oxoid AnaeroJar) for 24 hours at 37 ○ C [13]. Suspected isolates were kept in 25% glycerol in brain heart infusion broth (BHIB) (v:v) , and stored at -20°C for further analysis [14].…”

Section: Sample Collection and Isolation Of C Perfringensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxinotyping and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) Networks and Functional Annotation of the Detected Toxin Genes of Clostridium perfringens Isolated from food samples in Duhok Province, Iraq

Mamsin,

Barzani,

Mohammed

2024

Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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lostridium perfringens is a zoonotic pathogen causing health problems like gas gangrene, food poisoning, and other enteric infections, especially in livestock, causing global economic losses. In the present article, C. perfringens isolates were obtained from 94 food samples, including chicken shawerma, meat shawerma, chicken kabab, meat kabab; and canned fish and chickens collected from 6 markets and stores, and 34 restaurants within Duhok province, Iraq during the period from June 1 st , to August 31, 2022. The strains were isolated on CHROMagar TM C. perfringens agar and blood agar, and confirmed by PCR depending on 16 rRNA, and toxin typing based on genes encoding alpha (CPA), beta (CPB), epsilon (ETX), iota (IAP), enterotoxin (CPE), and necrotic betalike (NetB) toxins. From the 62 samples collected from the restaurants, 44 were grown on CHROMagar TM C. perfringens as orange colonies, representing 71%, and confirmed with PCR. All the samples collected from canned foods were negative for C. perfringens. Out of 28 isolates from meat kabab, 26 (92.9%) carried alpha toxin gene, while only 2 (7.15%) samples carried both alpha and epsilon toxin genes, which represent type D strains. From the 8 isolates isolated from chicken shawerma, only alpha (CPA) gene was detected in 6 (75%) samples, while alpha toxin and enterotoxin genes were detected in 2 (25%) isolates which refer to type F type. All the other samples were diagnosed as type A as they carried only the alpha toxin gene from the six toxins investigated. Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) Networks and Functional Annotation of the Detected Toxin Genes revealed that the top Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were glycerophospholipid metabolism; activation of this pathway led to induction of the toxin production in C. perfringens which in turn causes gangrene related diseases in humans and animals. To conclude that the prevalence of C. perfringens was very high in food samples from restaurants, especially in meat kabab and chicken kabab, followed by a relatively lower rate in meat shawerma and chicken shawerma. However, the vast majority of the isolates from food samples were C. perfringens type A, but D and F types were also detected, as besides CPA toxin, they also produce ETX and CPE toxins. None of the investigated imported canned foods (tuna, sardine, and processed chicken) carried C. perfringens.

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Section: Sample Collection and Isolation Of C Perfringensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxinotyping and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) Networks and Functional Annotation of the Detected Toxin Genes of Clostridium perfringens Isolated from food samples in Duhok Province, Iraq

Mamsin,

Barzani,

Mohammed

2024

Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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“…Then a loop of the enrichment broth was streaked on CHROMagarTM C. perfringens (CHROMagar, France), which was prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions, and incubated at 37 °C for 48 hours under anaerobic conditions using anaerobic jar (The 2.5-liter Oxoid AnaeroJar) and gas packs (Thermo Scientific™ Oxoid™ AnaeroGen™ 2.5L Sachet). All suspected C. perfringens colonies were then sub-cultured on CHROMagarTM C. perfringens and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours under anaerobic conditions [11] to obtain pure cultures. Suspected isolates were kept in 25% glycerol and brain heart infusion broth (BHIB) and stored at -20°C for further processing [12] .…”

Section: Sample Collection and Isolation Of C Perfringensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotyping and Phylogenetic Analysis of Clostridium perfringens Isolated from Domesticated Ruminants in Duhok Governorate, Iraq

Mamsin,

Barzani,

Mohammed

2023

Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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C lostridium perfringens is a zoonotic pathogen causing various health problems like gas gangrene, food poisoning, and other enteric infections, especially in domestic livestock, leading to significant global economic losses. In present study, C. perfringens strains were isolated and identified depending on 16 rRNA and genotyping based on genes encoding alpha, beta, epsilon, iota, enterotoxin, NetB toxins, then sequencing of 16S rRNA and some main toxin-producing genes in 219 samples collected from domesticated ruminants in sheep, goats, and calves, during the period from August to December of 2020, in Duhok province/ Iraq. Out of a total 67, Forty-seven (28.8%) isolates of C. perfringens were obtained in 163 ruminal content samples from healthy sheep and goats, and out of 56 samples of calves (34 healthy and 22 diarrheic); 20 (35.7%) isolates (7 (20.5%) isolates from healthy and 13 (59%) isolates from diarrheic) were confirmed as C. perfringens. Of the 47 isolates from healthy sheep and goats, 39 (82.97%) were identified as type A, and 8 (17.03%) as type D. While all 20 isolates from healthy and diarrhetic calves were diagnosed as type A. None of the total 67 C. perfringens isolates were carrying genes encoding beta, iota, enterotoxin, and NetB toxins. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that all isolated strains were clustered in same group. Clostridium perfringens is one of the major pathogens with health concern in both humans and animals. Type A and D were the only genotypes obtained from the collected samples which were genetically similar.

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“…Enterotoxemia caused by Clostridium perfringens has a worldwide distribution. It has been reported from Brazil (12,13), China (14)(15)(16), Italy (17,18), Pakistan (19,20), Spain (21), Saudi Arabia (22), South Africa (23), and USA (24,25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium perfringens Types A and D Involved in Peracute Deaths in Goats Kept in Cholistan Ecosystem During Winter Season

et al. 2022

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Enterotoxemia is a severe and peracute disease caused by Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) rendering high mortality leading to huge economic losses, especially in small ruminants. The bacterium induces peracute death in animals based on the rapid production of different lethal toxins. Mortality occurred three private herds of two breeds, i.e., Makhi Cheeni and Beetal, and one non-descriptive (Teddy) herds reared in the desert area of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. At necropsy, tissue samples for histopathology and intestinal contents for bacterial isolation and culture were collected. Following the standard procedure, tissue slides were prepared. Multiplex PCR was used to identify toxinotypes using specific primers. Morbidity, mortality, and case fatality in Makhi Cheeni, Beetal, and Teddy goats caused by enterotoxemia were 87.58, 75.81, and 76.11%, respectively. Based on toxinotypes in the present outbreaks, C. perfringens type A (cpα = 20.7%; cpα + cpβ2 = 11.2%) and C. perfringens type D (cpα + cpβ2 + etx = 47.7%; cpα + etx = 20.7%) were detected. Deaths due to C. perfringens type D (68.10%) were significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared with deaths by C. perfringens type A (34.90%). Petechiation of serosal surfaces, hemorrhage of intestines, lungs, and liver were seen. Kidneys were soft, and under the microscope, tubules were studded with erythrocytes. There was stunting and fusion in the intestinal villi. From this study, we concluded that endotoxemia can occur in any season; thus, a proper vaccination schedule must be followed for the protection of small ruminants' health.

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Bacteriological and molecular typing of <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> strains isolated in retail beef in Beijing, China

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Toxinotyping and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) Networks and Functional Annotation of the Detected Toxin Genes of Clostridium perfringens Isolated from food samples in Duhok Province, Iraq

Toxinotyping and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) Networks and Functional Annotation of the Detected Toxin Genes of Clostridium perfringens Isolated from food samples in Duhok Province, Iraq

Genotyping and Phylogenetic Analysis of Clostridium perfringens Isolated from Domesticated Ruminants in Duhok Governorate, Iraq

Clostridium perfringens Types A and D Involved in Peracute Deaths in Goats Kept in Cholistan Ecosystem During Winter Season

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