Bacteriological Quality of Abattoir Effluents Discharged into Water Bodies in Abuja, Nigeria

Abstract

Bacteriological characteristics of abattoir effluents (wastewater), abattoir water source, and water bodies receiving abattoir wastewater were investigated in Abuja, Nigeria using the multiple-tube fermentation technique. Source of water to the abattoirs and the usage of water bodies receiving abattoir effluents were determined using questionnaires. Bacterial counts ranged from 4.8 × 106 to 5.8 × 105 /100 mL of total coliform (TC), 8.2 × 104 to 3.2 × 104/100 mL of Fecal coliform (FC), 5.2 × 104 to 2.0 × 104/100 mL of Fecal streptococcus and 1.2 × 104 to 2.0 × 103/100 mL of Escherichia coli for abattoir effluents 6.6 × 105 to 6.0 × 105/100 mL of TC, 6.2 × 104 to 1.8 × 104/100 mL of FC, 1.8 × 104 to 6.0 × 103/100 mL of F. streptococcus, and 4.8 × 103 to 6.6 × 102/100 mL of E. coli for water bodies receiving abattoir effluents 100 m downstream. TC bacteria counts for abattoir effluents exceeded recommended limit for discharge into surface water in Nigeria. No significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed between bacterial counts of abattoir effluents and receiving water bodies 100 m downstream: an indication of contamination of receiving water bodies by abattoir effluents and possible public and environmental health hazards.

Physico-chemical and Bacteriological Quality of an Abattoir Wastewater Discharged into Water Bodies in Ibadan, Nigeria and drug resistant profile of isolated Salmonella species

“…The total coliform counts obtained from this study for slaughter slab (3.03×10 7 cfu/ml) and drainage (3.51x10 7 cfu/ml) were above the coliform discharge permissible limit (4.2×10 2 and 5.2×10 2 cfu/ml) of the Federal Environmental Protection Agency [17]. However, the total coliform count is in agreement with coliform counts previously reported from studies conducted in abattoirs in the Federal Capital Territory where total coliform counts of 3.2×10 8 cfu/ml, 8.2×10 7 cfu/ml, 4.8×10 6 cfu/ml, 3.2×10 8 cfu/ml and 4.4×10 8 cfu/ml were reported from Deidei, Gwagwalada, Karu, Kubwa and Kuje abattoir respectively [29].…”

Potential risk factors associated with carcass contamination in slaughterhouse operations and hygiene in Oyo state, Nigeria

“…Most structures needed for slaughterhouses are present, except toilets which are not common finding in most of the slaughterhouses, but are not put into proper use. Water supply is very poor, in most cases stream and poorly dug and cited wells are used, most of which are already contaminated by surface run-offs and poorly discharged effluents (Nafarnda et al, 2012).…”

Prevalence of Pathogenic Bacteria in Open Drains and its Public Health Implications for Water Resources in Port Harcourt, Southern Nigeria

“…and excess nutrients into the river, resulting to eutrophication [46,47]. The consequences of such anthropogenic pollution during various socio economic activities can lead to the transmission of diseases by water borne pathogens, eutrophication of water bodies, accumulation of toxic or recalcitrant chemicals in the soil, destabilization of ecological balance and negative effects on human health [45,48].…”

“…These pathogens might threaten public health by migrating into ground water or surface water to transmit diseases [6,[39][40][41][42]. Bacteria from wastewater can be discharged into water columns which are subsequently absorbed to sediments, and when the bottom stream is disturbed, the sediment releases the bacteria back into the water columns presenting long term health hazards [43][44][45]. In Rivers state, wastes generated from various anthropogenic activities are channeled directly into the tributaries of the River through open drainage channels.…”