Bacteriology of burns and antibiogram in an Iranian burn care center

Abstract

Burn patients face an obviously high risk for infections due to the immunocompromising effects of their injury. This study aimed to detect and identify bacteria isolated from patients and hospital environment in the burn unit and determine their antibiogram pattern in response to commonly used antimicrobial agents; in order to give recommendations for management of bacterial infections and drug-resistance. Materials of this study were 100 samples of burn wounds and multiple swab samples of different hospital environments. One hundred and twelve isolates were analyzed, from which there was a single agent in the majority of cases (73.3%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolate (32.2%), followed by Enterobacter spp. (16.9%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (12.5%), Acinetobacter spp. (11.7%), Klebsiella spp. (8.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (7.2%), -hemolytic streptococci (4.4%), and others (6.2%). The most commonly detected isolate from hospital environment was P. aeruginosa (35%) followed by Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., coagulase-negative staphylococci. P. aeruginosa was the most resistant to third-and fourth-generation cephalosporins (100%), whereas other gram-negative bacteria were resistant to ciprofloxacin and cephalosporin (70 to 100%). Restriction in the abuse of antibiotics and establishment of an infection control unit will help lower the incidence of infection.

Assessment of Carbapenem Susceptibility and Multidrug-Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Burn Isolates in Tehran

“…Over the past 20 years, P. aeruginosa has been repeatedly recognized as the most prevalent organism which causes infection in burn centers in Tehran (5,13,14). Unfortunately, the organism appears to be resistant to almost all antimicrobial agents creating a great problem in clinical settings.…”

“…Multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa is often the cause of outbreak of diseases in the burn units (5,10). Different rates of MDR have been reported for P. aeruginosa burn isolates in various cities of Iran (5,10,13). The reports from Shahid Motahari Burn Hospital in Tehran have varied considerably from 2007 to 2011 in both MDR and carbapenem resistance.…”

“…Similarly, according to other studies in Iran, various degrees of imipenem resistance in P. aeruginosa have been reported. Beheshti and Zia reported 61.1% imipenem resistance in P. aeruginosa burn isolates from Imam Mousa Kazem Burn Center in Esfahan in 2011 (13). Haghi et al reported 100% multidrug and imipenem resistance in P. aeruginosa burn isolates in Orumieh (13).…”

“…Beheshti and Zia reported 61.1% imipenem resistance in P. aeruginosa burn isolates from Imam Mousa Kazem Burn Center in Esfahan in 2011 (13). Haghi et al reported 100% multidrug and imipenem resistance in P. aeruginosa burn isolates in Orumieh (13). Jamali and colleagues reported 61.8% imipenem resistance in the burn isolates of P. aeruginosa in 2009 (15).…”

Bacteriological Profile (Aerobic) of Burn Wound Infection with Its Antibiotic Sensitivity Testing in Silchar Medical College and Hospital

“…In studies conducted by Ahsan et al, 32 and Bhama et al, 33 Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 100% sensitive to Imipenem which is similar to present study. However studies like Dash et al, 18 , Saxena et al, 5 and Behesti et al, 34 low rate of sensitivity was found which were 90.8%, 95.77% and 38.9% respectively. Since burn wound infection shows changing trends in pathogenecity of microorganisms as well as their antibiotic sensitivity, hence, it is crucial to perform frequent evaluation of the burn wound to ensure early and appropriate therapy in burn patients.…”