Bacteriophage receptors of Lactococcus lactis subsp. ?diacetylactis? F7/2 and Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris Wg2-1

Schäfer, Andreas; Geis, Arnold; Neve, Horst; Teuber, Michael

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(91)90257-b

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, phages attacking L. lactis seem to bind initially to specific carbohydrate receptors exposed to the surface of the cell wall (29,34,40,42). For many phages this binding step is reversible (29).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Lactococcus lactis Genes Required for Bacteriophage Adsorption

Dupont¹,

Janzen

Vogensen³

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this work was to identify genes in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IL1403 and Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris Wg2 important for adsorption of the 936-species phages bIL170 and 645, respectively. Random insertional mutagenesis of the two L. lactis strains was carried out with the vector pGh9:ISS1, and integrants that were resistant to phage infection and showed reduced phage adsorption were selected. In L. lactis IL1403 integration was obtained in the ycaG and rgpE genes, whereas in L. lactis Wg2 integration was obtained in two genes homologous to ycbC and ycbB of L. lactis IL1403. rgpE and ycbB encode putative glycosyltransferases, whereas ycaG and ycbC encode putative membrane-spanning proteins with unknown functions. Interestingly, ycaG, rgpE, ycbC, and ycbB are all part of the same operon in L. lactis IL1403. This operon is probably involved in biosynthesis and transport of cell wall polysaccharides (WPS). Binding and infection studies showed that 645 binds to and infects L. lactis Wg2, L. lactis IL1403, and L. lactis IL1403 strains with pGh9:ISS1 integration in ycaG and rgpE, whereas bIL170 binds to and infects only L. lactis IL1403 and cannot infect Wg2. These results indicate that 645 binds to a WPS structure present in both L. lactis IL1403 and L. lactis Wg2, whereas bIL170 binds to another WPS structure not present in L. lactis Wg2. Binding of bIL170 and 645 to different WPS structures was supported by alignment of the receptor-binding proteins of bIL170 and 645 that showed no homology in the C-terminal part.Lactococcus lactis is widely used in starter cultures for cheese production. Bacteriophage contamination during the fermentation process is a major problem, causing lysis of the starter bacteria and consequently slow or failed fermentation of the milk. Bacteriophage infection requires specific recognition between the phage receptor-binding protein (RBP) and the host cell receptor. A better understanding of this recognition mechanism should increase the possibility of preventing phage infection.Bacterial receptors have been well studied in gram-negative bacteria, especially Escherichia coli. Phages attacking E. coli recognize either lipopolysaccharides or specific proteins of the outer membrane. For example, phage lambda initially interacts reversibly and then interacts irreversibly with the outer membrane protein LamB (32, 35), which facilitates the diffusion of maltose into the cell (10). A slightly more complex mechanism is utilized by phage T5, which initially binds reversibly to polymannose O antigens in lipopolysaccharides at the E. coli surface (13, 14) and then binds irreversibly to the ferrichrome transporter FhuA (5, 19). Finally, phage T4 binds reversibly with its long tail fibers to B-type lipopolysaccharides or to the outer membrane porin OmpC (15,16,28), whereupon the additional short tail fibers bind irreversibly to the lipopolysaccharide core region (27).For gram-positive bacteria the information on phage receptors is sparser. However, phages attacking L. lactis seem to ...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Lactococcus lactis Genes Required for Bacteriophage Adsorption

Dupont¹,

Janzen

Vogensen³

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In fact, Valyasevi et al (1991) have shown that eskt is not inactivated by cell membranes isolated from L lactis ssp lactis C2, indicating that different lactococcal phages have alternative routes for adsorption and DNA injection into the host. This was also demonstrated by the pattern of adsorption of lactococcal phages to their hosts; Budde-Niekiel and Teuber (1987) and Schafer et al (1991) both observed that adsorption cou Id occur either to specifie locations or uniformly over the entire cell surface.…”

Section: Bacteriophage Iytic Cyclementioning

confidence: 91%

“…Although carbohydrate cell wall components, in particular L-rhamnose, have been implicated as receptors for many other phages (Keogh and Pettinghill, 1983;Valyasevi et al, 1990;Schafer et al, 1991), the involvement of the cell membrane is less certain. In fact, Valyasevi et al (1991) have shown that eskt is not inactivated by cell membranes isolated from L lactis ssp lactis C2, indicating that different lactococcal phages have alternative routes for adsorption and DNA injection into the host.…”

Section: Bacteriophage Iytic Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophage-host interactions and resistance mechanisms, analysis of the conjugative bacteriophage resistance plasmid pNP40

Hill

Garvey²,

Fitzgerald

1996

Lait

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary -Research into bacteriophage and bacteriophage resistance in the lactic acid bacteria has moved into a new and exciting dimension in recent years. Mechanisms such as adsorption inhibition, restriction and modification, and abortive infection which have been described phenotypically over the past decade are now being subjected to molecular analysis, and this has led to a better understanding of the nature and variety of resistance systems employed by lactic acid bacteria to combat phage attack. In addition, analysis of different bacteriophage has increased our knowledge of these ubiquitous particles to the point where it is possible to construct novel phage resistances based on the phage genome. This review will briefly outline the recent progress in the molecular analysis of bacteriophagehost interactions, bacteriophage resistance and counter resistance, and the construction of novel resistance mechanisms.In particular, recent evidence regarding the mechanisms of resistance employed by the conjugative plasmid pNP40 will be described in some detail. In addition, an instance will be described in which pNP40 has been used in the construction of phage resistant starters which have been successfully exploited by the dairy industry.

show abstract

“…The value of IS element probes as a means of strain identification has also been established (Gasson, 1990;Schafer et al, 1991). The value of IS element probes as a means of strain identification has also been established (Gasson, 1990;Schafer et al, 1991).…”

Section: Insertion Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Receptors for lactococcal phages are generally cell wall located although a plasma membrane lipoprotein was implicated as the cpm33 receptor in the case of L. lactis subsp. Schafer et al (1991) have shown that binding of P008 and P127 phages was inhibited when the cell walls of L. lactis subsp. In L. lactis subsp.…”

Section: 2i Interaction With Hostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics and Biotechnology of Lactic Acid Bacteria

Gasson¹,

Vos²

1994

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bacteriophage receptors of Lactococcus lactis subsp. ?diacetylactis? F7/2 and Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris Wg2-1

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Identification of Lactococcus lactis Genes Required for Bacteriophage Adsorption

Identification of Lactococcus lactis Genes Required for Bacteriophage Adsorption

Bacteriophage-host interactions and resistance mechanisms, analysis of the conjugative bacteriophage resistance plasmid pNP40

Genetics and Biotechnology of Lactic Acid Bacteria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About