Bacteriophages of lactic acid bacteria and their impact on milk fermentations

Garneau, Josiane E; Moineau, Sylvain

doi:10.1186/1475-2859-10-s1-s20

Cited by 208 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“…Thin sections revealed that TP712 virions appeared to be correctly assembled inside the DftsH host, but were not released. These virions were infective, demonstrating that a functional host FtsH is required by TP712 to proceed effectively with lysis of the host.Large-scale dairy fermentations can be seriously compromised by bacteriophages infecting lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and particularly Lactococcus lactis, which is a commonly used starter culture for cheese making (Garneau & Moineau, 2011). Lactococcal phages are currently classified in 10 groups, eight of them belonging to the Siphoviridae family of the order Caudovirales.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lack of the host membrane protease FtsH hinders release of the Lactococcus lactis bacteriophage TP712

Roces

Wegmann

Campelo

et al. 2013

Journal of General Virology

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The temperate bacteriophage TP712 was unable to plaque on Lactococcus lactis DftsH lacking the membrane protease FtsH and complementation in trans restored the WT phenotype. Absence of ftsH did not hinder phage adsorption, phage DNA delivery or activation of the lytic cycle. Thin sections revealed that TP712 virions appeared to be correctly assembled inside the DftsH host, but were not released. These virions were infective, demonstrating that a functional host FtsH is required by TP712 to proceed effectively with lysis of the host.Large-scale dairy fermentations can be seriously compromised by bacteriophages infecting lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and particularly Lactococcus lactis, which is a commonly used starter culture for cheese making (Garneau & Moineau, 2011). Lactococcal phages are currently classified in 10 groups, eight of them belonging to the Siphoviridae family of the order Caudovirales. Those of the c2, 936 and P335 groups are the most commonly found in dairy plants (Deveau et al., 2006).A considerable effort has been made to improve and select phage-resistant starter strains based on the knowledge of resistance mechanisms developed by LAB and a better understanding of phage-host interactions (Sturino & Klaenhammer, 2006). Described mechanisms of phage resistance expand from blocking adsorption, restriction/ modification enzymes, to abortive infection systems that interfere with phage DNA replication, morphogenesis and release. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) located in the genomes of host bacteria together with a group of associated proteins can also confer resistance to phages (Labrie et al., 2010). Recently, the response to phage infection in L. lactis has been approached by genome-wide transcriptomics (Fallico et al., 2011;Ainsworth et al., 2013). L. lactis appears to sense bacteriophage infection as a perturbation of its cell envelope and mounts a response targeted to the cell wall, activating regulators of the cell envelope stress response such as the two-component system CesSR.One of the members of the CesSR regulon in L. lactis is the ftsH gene (Martínez et al., 2007). ftsH encodes a conserved AAA (ATPase associated with various cellular activities)-type membrane protease involved in stress response and protein quality control (Ito & Akiyama, 2005;Narberhaus et al., 2009). In this work, we analysed the impact of the ftsH null mutation on the life cycle of the P335 temperate phage TP712, which is able to infect and lysogenize L. lactis MG1363 (Gasson, 1983) and derivatives thereof. The complete TP712 nt sequence has been determined (GenBank accession number AY766464) essentially as described by Wegmann et al. (2012).Preliminary experiments revealed that in standard plaque assays (Lillehaug, 1997), the efficiency of plaquing (EOP) of this phage on an available non-polar and in-frame L. lactis mutant lacking ftsH (Pinto et al., 2011) was reduced to 1.5610 25 when compared to its parent L. lactis NZ9000. Upon complementation with the plasmid pUK200 : : ftsH, ...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of the host membrane protease FtsH hinders release of the Lactococcus lactis bacteriophage TP712

Roces

Wegmann

Campelo

et al. 2013

Journal of General Virology

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“…The polymerase chain reaction (PCR), ELISA and flow cytometry-based methods have been designed for detecting phages and are often used to complement microbiology tests. However, they have still many drawbacks to be applied for routine analyses in the dairy industry [104].…”

Section: Sensitive Methods (Including Elisa and Molecular Dna Techniqmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Running on the flow-cytometry of samples containing phages gives a broad distribution of cell mass (wide peak), which demonstrates the presence of both lysed and live cells, while non-infected samples give narrow peaks. Flow-cytometry allows detection of phages in real time, but expensive equipment and well-trained staff needed to perform the assays limits application of this technique in the dairy industry [104].…”

Section: Sensitive Methods (Including Elisa and Molecular Dna Techniqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactic Acid Bacteria Resistance to Bacteriophage and Prevention Techniques to Lower Phage Contamination in Dairy Fermentation

Szczepankowska¹,

Górecki²,

Bardowski³

2013

Lactic Acid Bacteria - R &Amp; D for Food, Health and Livestock Purposes

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“…Another aspect to take in consideration is the undesirable implication in cheese making when specific lactic phages infect and lyse LAB (lactic acid bacteria) which are indispensable for milk curdling [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophage Morphological Characterization by Using Transmission Electron Microscopy

Aprea¹,

D’Angelo²,

Prencipe³

et al. 2015

JLS

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Bacteriophages or more commonly "phages" are bacterial viruses. They are ubiquitous and good indicators of bacterial contaminations since their prevalence is high in those environments where their hosts are abundant. Phage classification is based on morphology and for this reason, even though it is considered an old technique, TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) still plays a key role in their characterization. In the present work, the authors focused on TEM analysis of phage ɸApr-1 isolated against Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis), implicated in industrial fermentations and of phage ɸIZSAM-1, active against Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes), isolated from the environment. For observation with TEM (EM 900T-Zeiss), phages were harvested in liquid media and were negative stained with fosfotungstic acid 2‰. An accurate viral ultrastructure analysis by using TEM is fundamental not only in the first approach of characterization of newly isolated phages but also for providing useful information to go further to the selection process as potential bio-decontaminants.

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Bacteriophages of lactic acid bacteria and their impact on milk fermentations

Cited by 208 publications

References 101 publications

Lack of the host membrane protease FtsH hinders release of the Lactococcus lactis bacteriophage TP712

Lack of the host membrane protease FtsH hinders release of the Lactococcus lactis bacteriophage TP712

Lactic Acid Bacteria Resistance to Bacteriophage and Prevention Techniques to Lower Phage Contamination in Dairy Fermentation

Bacteriophage Morphological Characterization by Using Transmission Electron Microscopy

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