Bacteriotherapy with Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis 89a nasal spray for treatment of upper respiratory tract infections in children: a pilot study on short-term efficacy

Abstract

Background: Recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) are defined by the presence of at least one of the following criteria: (i) > 6 annual respiratory infections (RIs); (ii) > 1 monthly RIs involving the upper airways from September to April; (iii) > 3 annual RIs involving the lower airways represent a very common health problem in the first years of life. We conducted a multi-centre, prospective, single-open study to assess the efficacy and the safety of Streptococcus salivarius 24SMBc and Streptococcus oralis 89a in the prevention of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in children. Methods: Ninety-one children (M:F = 47:44, mean age 7.4 ± 2.3 years) with RRIs were enrolled in the study between September and November 2018. At baseline, children received Streptococcus salivarius 24SMBc and Streptococcus oralis 89a as 2 puffs for nostril twice/day for 7 days/months. The treatment lasted for 3 consecutive months. Efficacy was expressed in terms of absence or presence of fever, cough, bronchospasm, rhinorrhea and otalgia, at 1 month (T1), and 3 (T3) months. Safety and tolerability of the probiotic were evaluated on the basis of the number and type of adverse events (AEs) recorded during the treatment.

Related Factors to Streptococcus pneumoniae Invasive Infection and Clinical Manifestations: The Potential Role of Nasopharyngeal Microbiome

“…The identification of microbiota profiles associated to IPD or asymptomatic colonization may be of clinical value as disease biomarkers. According to recent encouraging data about the potential role of probiotics in the treatment and prevention of respiratory infections (mainly in pediatric population) ( 97 , 98 , 101 ), the characterization of beneficial bacteria in adults -preventing or protecting against pneumococcal infection- would allow integrating those microorganisms in a probiotic preparation for the treatment or prophylaxis of pneumococcal infections and IPD.…”

“…These natural products released by non-pathogenic species could be a novel source of antimicrobials, due to their antimicrobial activity against pathogen species ( 99 , 100 ). More recently, Manti et al conducted a prospective study in order to prove the a priori protective role of Streptococcus oralis and Streptococcus salivarius using them as a therapeutic option ( 101 ). Ninety-one children between 1 and 12 years old were prospectively included in a single-open study, in which a nasal spray composed of Streptococcus oralis 89a and Streptococcus salivarius 24SMBc was administered.…”

Local Bacteriotherapy – a promising preventive tool in recurrent respiratory infections

“…Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis 89a, intranasally administered, reduced acute otitis media episodes. Manti and coworkers performed a similar study in 91 children with RRI [51]. Both strains administered by nasal spray reduced fever (p < 0.001), cough (p < 0.001), bronchial obstruction (p < 0.001), rhinorrhea (p < 0.001), and otalgia (p < 0.001).…”

Nutraceuticals in the Prevention of Viral Infections, including COVID-19, among the Pediatric Population: A Review of the Literature

“…The concept of probiotics is closely related to that of microbiota, which is the set of microorganisms that populate a specific organ. It has been widely demonstrated that maintaining an adequate microbiota contributes to the body’s well-being [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. The known beneficial effects of probiotics schematically include the following: the biosynthesis of vitamin K; metabolic effects of fermentation of undigested dietary fibers; a positive influence on intestinal peristalsis; and modulation of the immune response.…”