Balance Tests in Pre-Adolescent Children: Retest Reliability, Construct Validity, and Relative Ability

Sember, Vedrana; Grošelj, Janja; Pajek, Maja

doi:10.3390/ijerph17155474

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Finally, girls performed better than boys in the balance beam test. These results are in line with previous studies that have shown better performance on balance tests in girl children and adolescent girls than boys [ 5 , 53 , 54 ]. This could be caused by the considerable disparities in pre-pubertal posture between boys and girls, since they have different body heights and weights, which result in different lumbar angles and centers of gravity [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Physical Education on the Beach: An Alternative Way to Improve Primary School Children’s Skill- and Health-Related Outcomes during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Gallotta

Zimatore

Cardinali

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The COVID-19 restrictions could preclude children from participating in physical education (PE) interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a PE intervention conducted on the beach on children’s skill- and health-related outcomes, as a possible alternative PE intervention that could be also applied during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study involved 106 primary school children, randomly assigned to the traditional indoor (TI) intervention or to the experimental outdoor (EO) intervention. The intervention period lasted 4 months and consisted of two 1-h sessions per week. Intervention was conducted just before the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Children’s anthropometric parameters (height, weight, BMI, body fat percentage, and abdominal circumference), fitness parameter (VO2peak), health parameters (resting heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure), gross motor coordination, and physical activity level were assessed before and after intervention. Both groups significantly improved fitness and motor coordination but worsened some anthropometric parameters (weight, abdominal circumference) after the intervention period. The EO group showed a higher increase of gross motor coordination than the TI group. Results of this study demonstrated that children benefited from a well-structured PE intervention conducted in the natural environment of the beach improving physical fitness and gross motor coordination. Therefore, planning outdoor PE interventions could be an alternative and safe way to encourage and implement physical activity at school during the particular period of COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Physical Education on the Beach: An Alternative Way to Improve Primary School Children’s Skill- and Health-Related Outcomes during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Gallotta

Zimatore

Cardinali

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…The technical and compositional characteristics of these materials used can have major influences on physical capacity, perception of effort, body posture and vestibular and neuromotor rehabilitation. Consistent with the results of our study, previous studies have highlighted the influence of exercises performed on different fitness materials in order to improve static and dynamic balance [ 5 , 53 , 54 , 55 ]. The results of our study complete the research on the study of the up plank position, which were numerous and especially highlighted the anatomical, biomechanical and physical benefits of different categories of subjects actively involved in physical and sports activities [ 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ], in the practice of fitness [ 55 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ] and in prophylaxis [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Motor Impact of the Static Balance in the Up Plank Position on Three Different Balls in Physical Activities of Physical Education Students

Bădău

Manolache

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The present study aimed to assess the capacity of stability and motor impact in the development of the balance of student athletes by reducing the support surface on the ball in the up plank position, by using three categories of balls of equal size, but with different elasticity and weight. In this study, the second aim was to investigate the differences in maintaining static balance, on different balls, between those who are practicing individual sports or team sports. The total study sample include 48 students, active athletes (45.8% of individual sports and 54.2% of team sports), age X ± SD 18.74 ± 1.94 years. The research included two test sessions (initial and final) applied in two stages. The static balance tests were performed by measuring the time maintaining the up plank position with two and three points of support on the three balls, with different characteristics of elasticity and ranges of deformation: medical ball, handball ball and fitness ball. The results of the study showed that the superior initial and final results were recorded on the fitness ball, and the inferior results on the medicine ball. The upper difference was recorded at the up plank position with two support points (arms, legs) on the fitness ball, at 4980 sec., and the lowest in the same test on the medical ball, at 3420 sec. The largest difference was recorded at the up plank position with three support points on the handball ball, at 7.082 sec., and the lowest in the same test on the medical ball, at 3.093 sec. The subjects of the study perceived that the most difficult position to execute was the up plank position on the medical ball with two support points, with 43.8%, and the easiest stability was registered in the up plank position on the fitness ball with three points of support, of 37.5%. The relevance of the research results from the possibility of using different balls in conditions of positioning and body posture with a diminished support base in order to improve physical fitness.

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“…The chair, with rubber tips on the legs, is placed against a wall to prevent it from moving. People with osteoarthritis 18 - 64 years Concurrent criterion validity Good test-retest reliabilityICC=0.87 Silva et al [ 31 ] single-leg stance (SLS) (SLS) Test is used to assess static postural and balance control.These protocols usually include eyes open and eyes closed test-variations Children with musculoskeletal birth defects such as Congenital talipes equinovarus 4 -18 years Construct Validity Excellent reliabilityICC= 0.81- 0.91 Sember et al [ 32 ] ABILOCO-kids Assessing the walking ability of children with CP focusing on the activity domain of the ICF Children with CP 6 - 15 years Construct validity Excellent reliabilityICC= 0.96 Gilles et al [ 33 ] 6-minute walk test (6MWT) Used to define their capacities and to evaluate therapeutic interventions. Children with CP 4 - 18 years Criterion Validity Excellent test-retestICC= 0.98 Fitzgerald et al [ 34 ] 28-item Mobility Questionnaire (Mob- Ques28) scores mobility limitations on a scale of 0 to 100 Children with CP 2 - 13 years Good validity Good reliabilityICC=0.87 Van Ravesteyn et al [ 35 ] ActiGraph GT3X+ The initialization is to record the number of steps and acceleration at a frequency of 100 Hz within 5 seconds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of tele-rehabilitation on improvement of daily living activities in children with cerebral palsy: narrative review

Tamboosi

Al-Khathami²,

El-Shamy

2021

Bull Fac Phys Ther

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Aim To investigate the effectiveness of tele-rehabilitation for children diagnosed with unilateral cerebral palsy. Method The design of this study is a narrative review. An electronic search was conducted for studies that related to tele-rehabilitation using the following databases: CINAHL, PubMed, MEDLINE, OTSeeker, and PEDro. The data extracted were analyzed by evaluating them according to the key results, limitations, suitability of the methods used to the initial hypothesis, interpretation of the results, and impact of the conclusions in the field. Results Out of 139 studies, 3 studies met the inclusion criteria. Further, manual searches of the references of included studies identified 2 more relevant studies. The interventions applied in those studies were web-based multi-modal therapy program using Move-it-to-improve-it (Mitii™), home-based hand-arm bimanual intensive therapy (H-HABIT), and lower-extremity functional training (LIFT). The outcomes were executive functions, occupational performance, activity capacity, dexterity, quality of bimanual hand-use, functional goals, gait capacity, and performance. Conclusion Tele-rehabilitation is effective in improving the functions of the upper and lower extremities in daily living activities for children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP), aged between 2 to 18 years old, classified to levels I and II in GMFCS and levels I, II, and III in MACS. Webcam and good internet connection are essential requirements to conduct tele-rehabilitation. Children need to be contacted weekly via phone or e-mail for further follow-ups. Additionally, tele-rehabilitation may be considered one of the intervention strategies for patients who live in rural areas.

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Balance Tests in Pre-Adolescent Children: Retest Reliability, Construct Validity, and Relative Ability

Cited by 32 publications

References 62 publications

Physical Education on the Beach: An Alternative Way to Improve Primary School Children’s Skill- and Health-Related Outcomes during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Physical Education on the Beach: An Alternative Way to Improve Primary School Children’s Skill- and Health-Related Outcomes during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The Motor Impact of the Static Balance in the Up Plank Position on Three Different Balls in Physical Activities of Physical Education Students

The effectiveness of tele-rehabilitation on improvement of daily living activities in children with cerebral palsy: narrative review

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