Balancing public safety and individual rights in street policing

Neyroud, Peter

doi:10.1073/pnas.1712541114

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The existing research into this disparity and the subsequent recommendations focus only on one party and conclude that the police are to blame [9,17,25,31,51,52,66]. It is apparent that police stop-and-search is analysed as the cause and the subsequent 'effect' equates to a disproportionate level of searching of minority groups.…”

Section: Contextual Background On Police Stop-and-search Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the prevailing opinion, police misconduct is mostly to blame for unfair stop-and-search procedures [9,18,25,31,66,51,52]. This is due to concerns about potential discrimination, excessive targeting and civil rights violations.…”

Section: Blaming the Police For Biased Stop-and-search Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most research focuses on the police being the sole cause of the disparity in stop-and-search statistics [9,25,51,52]. It appears to focus most research on the police, blaming some direction on training, society theories and overall exposure.…”

Section: Societal Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Public Influence on the Ethnic Disparity in Stop-and-Search Statistics in Four London Boroughs

Dippie,

Hasan

2024

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The literature on police stop-and-search events over the last two decades has heavily criticised the police for being racially disproportionate towards young black men compared to their white counterparts, resulting in the police being labelled as institutionally racist. However, none of the literature considers the fact that the public reporting of incidents may have had a major and direct influence on police stop-and-search outcomes. This significant issue remains a hidden and under-researched area, even though the disproportionality of police stop-and-search incidents is the leading cause of the negative relationship between the police and black and minority ethnic groups. This study addresses this gap by examining public bias in reporting incidents that result in police stopping and searching an individual. This study addresses this gap by examining public bias in reporting incidents that result in police stopping and searching an individual. A mixed method approach has been taken and primary data has been collected through freedom of information requests from the four borough command units (BCU) of the Metropolitan Police with densely populated areas with Black and Asian minority groups to investigate the link between public calls or reports of incidents and the initiation of police stop-and-search events. This data has been measured against national stop and search statistics in line with demographic data gathered from National Census data for the areas. The research concludes that there is discrimination against black and minority ethnic groups in members of the public reporting concerns. Freedom of information request for quantitative data from the Metropolitan Police reveals that public calls for reported incidents are on average 8.4 times more likely to describe the perpetrator as black European rather than white and 23.9 times more likely in the Central East borough when describing Asian ethnicity.

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Section: Contextual Background On Police Stop-and-search Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Blaming the Police For Biased Stop-and-search Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Public Influence on the Ethnic Disparity in Stop-and-Search Statistics in Four London Boroughs

Dippie,

Hasan

2024

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“…His claim referred to the endless need for finding just the right balance (Neyroud, 2017) between freedom of the people from interference by the state and freedom from crime and violence by fellow citizens. Commissioner Mark's claim is arguably supported by rising public expectations for police performance, which will not allow for "good enough policing," despite the strong case of that idea made by criminologist Ben Bowling (2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Commissioner Mark's claim is arguably supported by rising public expectations for police performance, which will not allow for "good enough policing," despite the strong case of that idea made by criminologist Ben Bowling (2007). As Peter Neyroud (2017) has observed, the growth of science in policing has now made it possible to move from "satisficing" to "optimizing," not just in rare events, but in everything police do. That is arguably how science has helped to tackle COVID, as well as fatal car crashes and fire deaths (Perrow, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Just Right” Policing: a Job for Science

Sherman

2022

Camb J Evid Based Polic

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Research Question Can police develop the concept of “signal failures” to build a science of “just right” policing, learning from the mistakes of both “under-policing” and “over-policing”? Data Qualitative documentation of “signal failure” events across the history of Anglo-American policing that have generated widespread public disapproval of police actions or inactions. Methods This communication analyzes and illustrates the potential value of applying scientific methods to signal failures, as a potential source of learning from past failures to prevent future disapproval. Findings There are at least four dimensions for pre-mortems against signal failures: quantity of officers present at an incident, quantity of force used by police, quality of choices police make in deciding what to do, and quality of how well police do what is decided to be done. Signal failures can be collected historically and contemporaneously in large police forces, or across multiple smaller forces at a state or provincial level. They can be compared to samples of similar events that did not become signal failures. Even a simple case-control comparison can be a method for predicting which dimension of an event might be most likely to cause a signal failure. Yet building such data bases requires that police records systems become easier to access, so that both internal and external research can be done to enhance “just right” policing. Conclusion Like many rare events, it is convenient to dismiss signal failures as “flukes” with little potential for prevention. But like airplane crashes and house fires, rare events can be made even rarer. The value of the scientific method cannot be dismissed without testing its application to these major threats to police legitimacy. “Just right” policing may depend on it.

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Translating police research into policy: some implications of the National Academies report on proactive policing for policymakers and researchers

Willis

Toronjo

2019

Police Practice and Research

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Balancing public safety and individual rights in street policing

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Public Influence on the Ethnic Disparity in Stop-and-Search Statistics in Four London Boroughs

Public Influence on the Ethnic Disparity in Stop-and-Search Statistics in Four London Boroughs

“Just Right” Policing: a Job for Science

Translating police research into policy: some implications of the National Academies report on proactive policing for policymakers and researchers

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