Ball Aerospace Next Generation 2-Stage 35 K SB235 Coolers

Ball Aerospace Advances in 35 K Cooling–the Sb235e Cryocooler

“…Both stages peak at about the same place so the SB235E has minimal ability to shift capacity from one stage to the other on orbit. In contrast, the SB235 is able to shift approximately 30% of its cooling between stages [2]. The difference can be explained by the greater disparity in the heat lift between the two stages on the SB235E and because the SB235 second-stage regenerator losses were more phase dependent.…”

“…It illustrates the relative capacity between the SB235E and SB235. The SB235's performance has been discussed in detail in a previous report [2]. In this figure the performance data have been sliced to show the cooler performance at constant motor power for a variety of mid-stage and cold-stage temperatures.…”

Development of high performance moving-coil linear compressors for space Stirling-type pulse tube cryocoolers

“…In the aerospace field, both moving-coil [9,[12][13][14][15]18,20] and moving-magnet [10,11,15,16,19,21] designs had been attempted. Especially, for the moving-coil design, it avoids open circuit axial forces and torques on the current carrying coil and it is much easier to completely eliminate the radial forces due to the structural features.…”

“…Therefore, the worldwide space industry has been actively seeking means for multiyear cryogenic cooling in space to enable long-life infrared sensors since the 1950s [4,5]. In the process, two types of regenerative cryocoolers, the Stirling cryocooler and the pulse tube cryocooler (PTC) have been studied in great depth in the past three decades and had a wide range of important practical applications to date [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Especially, the PTC, which eliminates any moving mechanical component at the cold end, has further achieved two evident advantages over the Stirling cryocooler: first, any wear-out at the cold end is eliminated, and second, at the cold end both vibration input and electromagnetic interference (EMI) levels are significantly reduced [23][24][25][26][27].…”

“…These noticeable features endow the Oxford-type linear compressors with the remarkable merits of high reliability and long life that have a strong appeal to the space field. During the past three decades, the effectiveness of the Oxford-type linear compressor and its various variants has been verified by a variety of space practices and thus achieved acceptance worldwide for driving space Stirling cryocoolers and SPTCs [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”