Ball milling as a mechanochemical technology for fabrication of novel biochar nanomaterials

Kumar, Manish; Xiong, Xinni; Wan, Zhonghao; Sun, Yuqing; Tsang, Daniel C.W.; Gupta, Juhi; Gao, Bin; Cao, Xinde; Tang, Jingchun; Ok, Yong Sik

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123613

Cited by 385 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The same study also revealed that, in addition to the increased external and internal surface areas, ball milling of biochar also increased the number of acidic surface functional groups that are favorable to electrostatic interaction and surface complexation with environmental contaminants (e.g., heavy metals) [65]. Many other studies also demonstrated similar improvements [64][65][66], making ball milling technique an economic method of biochar engineering for environmental applications. However, the nano-scale ball-milled biochar particles may easily disperse in water and be carried by surface runoffs into nearby water bodies [63].…”

Section: Physical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Ball milling (Figure 2A) is a grinding method that can significantly reduce the size of pristine biochar and produce nano-scale fine biochar powders. As the hollow cylindrical shell rotates, the stainless steel balls (typically 12-125 mm), which occupies approximately 30-50% of the inside volume, are lifted up on the rising side and cascade down from near the top of the shell; at the same time, biochar is ground in between colliding balls and reduced in size [64]. For any given ball mill, the fineness of ball-milled biochar increases as the rotating speed of the shell increases until an intrinsic limit is reached.…”

Section: Physical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engineered Biochar Production and Its Potential Benefits in a Closed-Loop Water-Reuse Agriculture System

Chan

Sharbatmaleki

et al. 2020

Water

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Biochar’s potential to remove various contaminants from aqueous solutions has been widely discussed. The rapid development of engineered biochar produced using different feedstock materials via various methods for wastewater treatment in recent years urges an up-to-date review on this topic. This article centers on summarizing state-of-the-art methods for engineered biochar production and discussing the multidimensional benefits of applying biochar for water reuse and soil amendment in a closed-loop agriculture system. Based on numerous recent articles (<5 years) published in journals indexed in the Web of Science, engineered biochar’s production methods, modification techniques, physicochemical properties, and performance in removing inorganic, organic, and emerging contaminants from wastewater are reviewed in this study. It is concluded that biochar-based technologies have great potential to be used for treating both point-source and diffuse-source wastewater in agricultural systems, thus decreasing water demand while improving crop yields. As biochar can be produced using crop residues and other biomass wastes, its on-farm production and subsequent applications in a closed-loop agriculture system will not only eliminate expensive transportation costs, but also create a circular flow of materials and energy that promotes additional environmental and economic benefits.

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Section: Physical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Physical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered Biochar Production and Its Potential Benefits in a Closed-Loop Water-Reuse Agriculture System

Chan

Sharbatmaleki

et al. 2020

Water

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“…In addition, biochar offers other advantages such as improving soil quality, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and acting as green building materials and green catalysts for sustainable biorefinery. It can also be used in cosmetics and personal care products such as toothpaste ( Kumar et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of neutral red dye by chitosan and activated carbon composite films

Freitas

Carvalho

Carneiro

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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Research indicates the use of adsorbent materials to remove pollutants from wastewater and effluents, which can be obtained from renewable materials such as biomass, biopolymers (chitosan) or composites. Thus, the objective of this work was to produce and evaluate activated carbon (AC) and chitosan composite films as adsorbents of neutral red dye. AC films were produced using CO 2 and water vapor. The variables of the activation process were time (1 and 2 h) and temperature (600 and 750 C). Five films were produced, with one pure chitosan (T1) film and four activated carbon with chitosan films (T2, T3, T4 and T5). The T2 film refers to activated carbon produced at 600 C for 1 h þ chitosan, T3 to activated carbon produced at 600 C for 2 h þ chitosan, T4 to activated carbon produced at 750 C for 1 h þ chitosan and T5 to activated carbon produced at 750 C for 2 h þ chitosan. The T5 film increased its adsorption capacity by approximately 87% and its removal efficiency of neutral red dye by 43% compared to T1. The presence of activated carbon in the films provided an increase in the adsorption capacity of the neutral red dye.

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“…In soil without plastic fragments, the content of DOC and TC in CKBC (1% biochar + no adding plastics fragments) was significantly higher than that of CKN (no adding biochar + no adding plastics fragments) (p = 0.001; p = 0.002, LSD, p < 0.05), while in CKBM (1% ball-milled biochar + no adding plastics fragments), it was significantly lower than that of CKN (p = 0.036; p = 0.030, Least-Significant Difference (LSD), p < 0.05). The potential reason might be that BC could increase the soil DOC (Cui, 2021) with the higher adsorption capacity of ball milling BC (Kumar et al, 2020) due to the larger specific surface area after ball milling (Xiang et al, 2020). In soil with plastic fragments, both BC and BM decreased the DOC and TC.…”

Section: Effects Of Different Treatments On Dissolved Organic Matter and Relative Functional Group Characteristics In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effects of Microplastics and Biochar on the Removal of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Phthalate Esters and Its Potential Microbial Ecological Mechanism

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Microplastics (MPs) have been attracting wide attention. Biochar (BC) application could improve the soil quality in the contaminated soil. Currently, most studies focused on the effect of MPs or BC on the soil properties and microbial community, while they neglected the combined effects. This study investigated the combined effects of BC or ball-milled BC (BM) and polyethylene plastic fragments (PEPFs) and degradable plastic fragments (DPFs) on the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalate esters (PAEs) from the PAH-contaminated soil and the potential microbial ecological mechanisms. The results showed that BC or BM combined with PEPF could accelerate the removal of PAHs and PAEs. PEPF combined with BM had the most significant effect on the removal of PAHs. Our results indicating two potential possible reasons contribute to increasing the removal of organic pollutants: (1) the high sorption rate on the PEPF and BC and (2) the increased PAH-degrader or PAE-degrader abundance for the removal of organic pollutants.

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Ball milling as a mechanochemical technology for fabrication of novel biochar nanomaterials

Cited by 385 publications

References 84 publications

Engineered Biochar Production and Its Potential Benefits in a Closed-Loop Water-Reuse Agriculture System

Engineered Biochar Production and Its Potential Benefits in a Closed-Loop Water-Reuse Agriculture System

Adsorption of neutral red dye by chitosan and activated carbon composite films

Combined Effects of Microplastics and Biochar on the Removal of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Phthalate Esters and Its Potential Microbial Ecological Mechanism

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