Bandage backfall: Labyrinthine and non-labyrinthine components

Chen, Yu Chien; Sirkin, David W.; Potegal, Michael; Teitelbaùm, Philip

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(86)90188-5

Cited by 47 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We noted a similar failure of this "landing" posture in TTX-treated rats during assessments made when transferring rats to and from their home cages. The profile of behavioral changes we observed following bilateral transtympanic injection TTX was consistent with that reported following sodium arsanilate administration or surgical labyrinthectomy Wu, 1936, 1937;Horn et al, 1981;Chen et al, 1986;Hunt et al, 1987;Shoham et al, 1989;Stackman and Taube, 1997). Finally, all rats appeared to fully recover vestibular function, as assessed by the contact-righting test and from our observations of their behavior.…”

Section: Vestibular Functionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…We assessed vestibular function before each recording session by the contact-righting test. The contact-righting test is sensitive to vestibular dysfunction induced both surgically and by transtympanic injection of sodium arsanilate (Chen et al, 1986;Ossenkopp et al, 1990;Shoham et al, 1989;Stackman and Taube, 1997). For our purposes, it was important to employ a method to assess labyrinthine righting that limited the possibility of disturbing the hippocampal microdrive/electrode arrays.…”

Section: Inactivation Of the Vestibular Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all 10 cases, transtympanic injection of TTX produced vestibular dysfunction, as measured by the contact-righting test (Chen et al, 1986;Shoham et al, 1989;Stackman and Taube, 1997). Vestibular dysfunction was judged to be bilateral if the rat failed to contact-right, showed bilateral circling behavior, and showed no obvious torsion or roll of the head towards one side of the body (as observed following unilateral vestibular lesion).…”

Section: Vestibular Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hippocampal spatial representations require vestibular input

2002

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The hippocampal formation is essential for forming declarative representations of the relationships among multiple stimuli. The rodent hippocampal formation, including the entorhinal cortex and subicular complex, is critical for spatial memory. Two classes of hippocampal neurons fire in relation to spatial features. Place cells collectively map spatial locations, with each cell firing only when the animal occupies that cell's "place field," a particular subregion of the larger environment. Head direction (HD) cells encode directional heading, with each HD cell firing when the rat's head is oriented in that cell's particular "preferred firing direction." Both landmarks and internal cues (e.g., vestibular, motor efference copy) influence place and HD cell activity. However, as is the case for navigation, landmarks are believed to exert greater influence over place and HD cell activity. Here we show that temporary inactivation of the vestibular system led to the disruption of location-specific firing in hippocampal place cells and direction-specific discharge of postsubicular HD cells, without altering motor function. Place and HD cell activity recovered over a time course similar to that of the restoration of vestibular function. These results indicate that vestibular signals provide an important influence over the expression of hippocampal spatial representations, and may explain the navigational deficits of humans with vestibular dysfunction.

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Section: Vestibular Functionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Inactivation Of the Vestibular Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vestibular Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hippocampal spatial representations require vestibular input

2002

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“…The contact-righting test is sensitive to vestibular dysfunction induced both surgically and by intratympanic injection of sodium arsanilate (Chen et al, 1986;Shoham et al, 1989) and was chosen to assess labyrinthine righting while limiting disturbance of the ATN microdrive and electrode arrays. The contact-righting test required placing the rat supine on a tabletop surface and bringing a Plexiglas surface into gentle contact with the ventral surface of the rat's feet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This degeneration is believed to arise from a disruption of osmolality in the vestibular apparatus and leads to the destruction of hair cells (Anniko and Wersäll, 1977). Furthermore, histological analyses have revealed that intratympanic injection of sodium arsanilate causes a degeneration of the vestibular nerve in the brainstem (Chen et al, 1986). The extent to which sodium arsanilate treatment leads to the degeneration of brainstem (e.g., vestibular and cochlear) and cerebellar nuclei has not been fully assessed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Firing Properties of Head Direction Cells in the Rat Anterior Thalamic Nucleus: Dependence on Vestibular Input

1997

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Vestibular information influences spatial orientation and navigation in laboratory animals and humans. Neurons within the rat anterior thalamus encode the directional heading of the animal in absolute space. These neurons, referred to as head direction (HD) cells, fire selectively when the rat points its head in a specific direction in the horizontal plane with respect to the external laboratory reference frame. HD cells are thought to represent an essential component of a neural network that processes allocentric spatial information. The functional properties of HD cells may be dependent on vestibular input. Here, anterior thalamic HD cells were recorded before and after sodium arsanilate-induced vestibular system lesion. Vestibular lesions abolished the directional firing properties of HD cells. The time course of disruption in the directional firing properties paralleled the loss of vestibular function. Arsanilate-treated rats exhibited only minor changes in locomotor behavior, which were unlikely to account for the loss of direction-specific firing. Vestibular lesions also disrupted the influence of angular head velocity on anterior thalamic single-unit firing rates. Finally, a subset of anterior thalamic neurons recorded from vestibularlesioned rats exhibited a pattern of intermittent firing bursts that were distinctly unrelated to HD. This novel anterior thalamic firing pattern has not been encountered in any vestibular-intact rat. These data suggest that: (1) the neural code for directional bearing is critically dependent on vestibular information; and (2) this loss of HD cell information may represent a neurobiological mechanism to account for the orientation and navigational deficits observed after vestibular dysfunction.

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The development of righting reflexes in the pouch young of the marsupial Dasyurus hallucatus

Pellis

Nelson

1992

Developmental Psychobiology

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The development of righting was studied in the young of Dasyurus hallucatus, a small marsupial from northern Australia. Young were tested from birth to weaning. Righting began at 40 days, when tactile input on the snout triggered rotation to prone. Over the next 15-20 days, asymmetrical tactile input on the body triggered righting movements by the hindlegs (and later by the forelegs). Vestibular righting reflexes developed after these tactile righting reflexes. Furthermore, asymmetrical vestibular righting (i.e., when the young are held laterally in the air) developed before symmetrical vestibular righting (i.e., when held downward by the pelvis or placed supine in water). Vestibular righting triggered by falling supine in the air did not develop until about 80 days. This study further demonstrates that righting behavior does not consist of a single, integrated motor pattern, but a suite of motor patterns having independent control mechanisms and patterns of development.

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Bandage backfall: Labyrinthine and non-labyrinthine components

Cited by 47 publications

References 20 publications

Hippocampal spatial representations require vestibular input

Hippocampal spatial representations require vestibular input

Firing Properties of Head Direction Cells in the Rat Anterior Thalamic Nucleus: Dependence on Vestibular Input

The development of righting reflexes in the pouch young of the marsupial Dasyurus hallucatus

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