Barium titanate ceramics prepared from conventional and microwave hydrothermal powders

A facile microwave solvothermal process to synthesize ZnWO4 nanoparticles

“…Compared with the conventional solvothermal route, the irradiation under the microwave produces a better crystallinity in a shorter treatment time. This indicates that the introduction of the microwave really can save energy and time with faster kinetics of crystallization [36][37][38]. The particle sizes were calculated from (1 1 1) peaks using Scherrer's formula D = k /ˇcos Â, where D is the average grain size, k a constant equal to 0.89, the wavelength of X-rays andˇis the corrected half-width.…”

Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of BST ceramics obtained by a hydrothermally assisted complex polymerization method

“…The hydrothermal method offers many advantages over conventional solid state and chemical methods, and is often used due to its simplicity, allowing the control of a grain size and production of uniform low agglomerated particles with a narrow size distribution [6,7]. Important advantage of hydrothermal synthesis is ability of formation crystalline powders directly from solution without high temperature calcination [8].…”

Microwave‐Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Structurally and Morphologically Controlled Sodium Niobates by Using Niobic Acid as a Precursor

“…Economy in costs as a result of the fast kinetic process, rapid heating, homogeneous crystallization, and differentiation in the products are only some of these gains. [4] Despite the benefits, there are still very few studies involving the use of this microwave-assisted hydrothermal method for the synthesis of perovskite oxides. Among these, titanate compounds were the most studied [BaTiO 3 and Pb(Ti,Zr)- O 3 ].…”

“…Among these, titanate compounds were the most studied [BaTiO 3 and Pb(Ti,Zr)- O 3 ]. [4][5][6] To the best of our knowledge, the microwave hydrothermal synthesis of sodium and potassium niobates has never been reported. Although sodium niobate (NaNbO 3 ) has been successfully obtained by the reaction of Nb 2 O 5 and NaOH through conventional hydrothermal techniques, [7,8] more studies are necessary to understand its crystallization under the hydrothermal environment, as there is just one study about the structural evolution of the products of this reaction.…”