“…Such factors include inadequate academic advising, career counseling, and insttuton support; feelings of isolaton in STEM felds because too few peers pursue STEM degrees and too few role models and mentors are available (mainly pertnent to women and underrepresented minorites); distaste for the compettve climate in STEM departments (women especially); perceived discriminaton on the basis of sex and/or race/ethnicity in the STEM workforce; and atracton of lucratve careers such as health care and business (Betnger, 2010;Carrell, Page & West, 2010;Chang, Eagan, Lin & Hurtado, 2011;Daempfe, 2003;Eagan, Herrera, Garibay, Hurtado & Chang, 2011;Espinosa, 2011;Fouad et al, 2010;Gayles & Ampaw, 2014;Price, 2010;Shaw & Barbut, 2010). These contextual and climate factors are now considered as areas worthy of investgaton for explaining the departure of students (especially women and minorites) from STEM felds, although these data are rarely collected by natonal surveys.…”