Basal Body Temperature Method for Detecting Ovarian Cycle in the Captive Beluga (Delphinapterus leucas)

Katsumata, Etsuko; Furuta, Chie; Katsumata, Hiroshi; Watanabe, Gen; Taya, Kazuyoshi

doi:10.1262/jrd.17066

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…However, changes in temperature during the estrous cycle in killer whales were not examined in the earlier study. Increasing body temperature corresponded to the luteal phase during the estrous cycle in the killer whale used in our study, which is similar to what has been reported in female belugas [Katsumata et al, 2006b] and terrestrial mammals, such as the Asian and African elephants [Kusuda et al, 2007c]. In female belugas, it has been reported that changes in body temperature are positively correlated with serum progesterone concentrations during the estrous cycle [Katsumata et al, 2006b] and, in elephants with normal estrous cycles, the body temperature is higher during the luteal stage [Kusuda et al, 2007c].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, information about the relationship between body temperature and reproductive stages, such as the estrous cycle and pregnancy, is very limited in cetaceans. There are a few reports about changes in body temperature in parturition in bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncates ) [Terasawa et al, 1999], in pregnancy and parturition in killer whales [Katsumata et al, 2006a], and with the estrous cycle in belugas ( Delphinapterus leucas ) [Katsumata et al, 2006b]. However, a relationship between body temperature and the circulating progesterone concentration with the estrous cycle has not been reported in killer whales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ovarian cycle approach by rectal temperature and fecal progesterone in a female killer whale, Orcinus orca

Kusuda

Kakizoe²,

Kanda³

et al. 2011

Zoo Biology

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This study aimed to validate the measurements of body temperature and fecal progesterone concentrations as minimally invasive techniques for assessing ovarian cycle in a single sexually mature female killer whale. Rectal temperature data, fecal and blood samples were collected in the dorsal position using routine husbandry training on a voluntary basis. The correlations between rectal temperature and plasma progesterone concentration and between fecal and plasma progesterone concentrations were investigated. Fecal progesterone metabolites were identified by a combination of high-performance liquid chromatography and enzyme immunoassay. Plasma progesterone concentrations (range: 0.2-18.6 ng/ml) and rectal temperature (range: 35.3-35.9°C) changed cyclically, and cycle lengths were an average (±SD) of 44.9±4.0 days (nine cycles) and 44.6±5.9 days (nine cycles), respectively. Rectal temperature positively correlated with the plasma progesterone concentrations (r=0.641, P<0.01). There was a visual trend for fecal progesterone profiles to be similar to circulating plasma progesterone profiles. Fecal immunoreactive progestagen analysis resulted in a marked immunoreactive peak of progesterone. The data from the single killer whale indicate that the measurement of rectal temperature is suitable for minimally invasive assessment of the estrous cycle and monitoring the fecal progesterone concentration is useful to assess ovarian luteal activity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovarian cycle approach by rectal temperature and fecal progesterone in a female killer whale, Orcinus orca

Kusuda

Kakizoe²,

Kanda³

et al. 2011

Zoo Biology

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“…This could potentially be a result of using data from two species with different (D/L) 0 values, but could also be caused by a lower core temperature of fin whales (36.18C, from George et al 1999) than that of narwhals. However, the core temperature of the beluga whale, the narwhal's closest relative, has been measured to 358C (Katsumata et al 2006), and we assume narwhal core temperature to be similar. But, this is only speculation as no records of narwhal core temperature are available in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspartic acid racemization rate in narwhal (Monodon monoceros) eye lens nuclei estimated by counting of growth layers in tusks

et al. 2012

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“…Measurement of the basal body temperature has been reported to be an effective method of documenting the estrous cycle [7] and to be an indicator of corpus luteum activity in cows [8]. A relationship between the ovarian cycle and body temperature has been also reported for several species of marsupials, such as the Tasmanian bettong (Bettongia gaimardi) [9], common wombats (Vombatus ursinus) [10] and marine mammals such as the beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) [11]. Furthermore, in some mammals, such as sheep [12], cattle [8], bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncates gilli) [13] and killer whales (Orcinus orca) [14], a decrease in body temperature has been observed from several hours to several days before parturition.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Body Temperature and Ovarian Cycle in Asian and African Elephants

Kusuda

Wakimoto

Sato

et al. 2007

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether changes in body temperature are related to the ovarian cycle in elephants. Rectal, tongue or fecal temperature was measured for 2 Asian and 5 African elephants using an electric thermometer. Evaluation of ovarian cycles was based on the changes in serum or fecal progestin. The mean ± SD values of the rectal, tongue, and fecal temperatures were 36.3 ± 0.3 (2 Asian), 36.2 ± 0.5 (1 African) and 36.5 ± 0.3 C (4 African), respectively; the fecal temperature was the highest of the 3 temperatures (P<0.01). The longitudinal changes in body temperatures correlated with the ovarian cycle, with higher temperatures occurring during the luteal phase. The fecal temperatures of one acyclic African elephant did not change cyclically. These results suggest that measurement of body temperature can be used to easily evaluate the ovarian cyclicity of an individual animal, although it might not be able to determine the ovarian cycle length. Key words: Fecal temperature, Ovarian cycle, Progesterone, Rectal temperature, Tongue temperature (J. Reprod. Dev. 53: [1099][1100][1101][1102][1103][1104][1105] 2007) he body temperature and thermoregulatory behavior of the elephant have been studied for many years [1,2]. The methods used to measure the body temperatures of elephants include insertion of a clinical thermometer into the rectum (rectum temperature), insertion of a clinical thermometer into feces immediately after defecation (fecal temperature) and direct measurement of the temperature of urine midstream during urination (urinary temperature) [1,3]. It has been believed that measurement of the urine temperature is suitable for body temperature measurement because a large amount of urine is stored deep within the elephant's body [1]. However, measurement of the fecal temperature is a simple and safe method for large mammals such as the elephant [3]. It has been reported that the fecal temperature well reflects an elephant's rectal temperature and that the values are very similar [1]. The normal range of the rectal temperature of Asian (Elephas maximus) and African elephants (Loxodonta africana) is 36 to 37 C [4,5], and a fever of 38 C is considered significant [5].In female humans and chimpanzees (Pan troglo-

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Basal Body Temperature Method for Detecting Ovarian Cycle in the Captive Beluga (Delphinapterus leucas)

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Ovarian cycle approach by rectal temperature and fecal progesterone in a female killer whale, Orcinus orca

Ovarian cycle approach by rectal temperature and fecal progesterone in a female killer whale, Orcinus orca

Aspartic acid racemization rate in narwhal (Monodon monoceros) eye lens nuclei estimated by counting of growth layers in tusks

Relationship Between Body Temperature and Ovarian Cycle in Asian and African Elephants

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