Basal ganglia N-acetylaspartate correlates with the performance in the procedural task ‘Tower of Hanoi’ of neuroleptic-naive schizophrenic patients

Giménez, Mónica; Junqué, Carme; Pérez, Mercedes; Vendrell, Pere; Baeza, I.; Salamero, Manuel; Mercader, Josep M.; Bernardo, Miquel

doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(03)00698-0

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In schizophrenia abnormalities in the cerebellar node of the cortico-cerebellar-thalamic-cortical (CCTC) circuit are indicated by both structural and functional findings (e.g., Stephan et al, 2001;Ho et al, 2003;Keller et al, 2003). Furthermore, cognitive disturbances associated with neurologic lesions affecting the cerebellum are similar to cognitive deficits reported in schizophrenia, including executive functioning deficits (Gimenez, et al, 2003) and affective deficits (Earnst and Kring, 1997) (c.f., Schmahmann and Sherman,1998). However, the relationship between structural and functional components of the cerebellum in schizophrenia remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cerebellum volume and eyeblink conditioning in schizophrenia

Edwards

Newman

Bismark

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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Although accumulating evidence suggests that cerebellar abnormalities may be linked to the symptoms and course of schizophrenia, few studies have related structural and functional indices of cerebellar integrity. The present study examined the relationship between the volume of specific subregions of the cerebellum and cerebellar function, as measured by eyeblink conditioning. Nine individuals with schizophrenia and six healthy comparison participants completed structural magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and a delay eyeblink conditioning procedure. Volumetric measurements were taken for the whole brain, whole cerebellum, cerebellar anterior lobules I-V and posterior lobules VI-VII. The schizophrenia group had smaller cerebellar anterior lobes and exhibited impaired eyeblink conditioning compared to the comparison group. In the comparison group, larger anterior volume correlated with earlier conditioned response onset latencies and increased amplitudes of the unconditioned blink response during paired trials (i.e., when the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli co-occurred). The findings that smaller anterior cerebellar volumes and EBC impairments were associated with schizophrenia are consistent with non-human studies showing that anterior cerebellar abnormalities are associated with associative deficits in delay eyeblink conditioning. The lack of a significant correlation between indices of eyeblink conditioning and cerebellar volume within the schizophrenic group suggests an aberrant relationship between cerebellar structure and function.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cerebellum volume and eyeblink conditioning in schizophrenia

Edwards

Newman

Bismark

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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“…Many studies, but not all (19), indicate that NAA levels are reduced in patients with schizophrenia (20,21) in a degree related to disease duration (22) and negative symptoms (23). The abnormalities may be located in white matter (24).…”

Section: N-acetyl Aspartate (Naa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

MR spectroscopy: its potential role for drug development for the treatment of psychiatric diseases

Mason

Krystal

2006

NMR Biomed.

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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is likely in the near future to play a key role in the process of drug discovery and evaluation. As the pharmaceutical industry seeks biochemical markers of drug delivery, efficacy and toxicity, this non-invasive technique offers numerous ways to study adults and children repeatedly and without ionizing radiation. In this article, we survey an array of the information that MRS offers about neurochemistry in general and psychiatric disorders and their treatment in particular. We also present growing evidence of glial abnormalities in neuropsychiatric disorders and discuss what MRS is contributing to that line of investigation. The third major direction of this article is the discussion of where MRS techniques are headed and how those new techniques can contribute to studies of mechanisms of psychiatric disease and drug discovery.

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“…The Tower of Hanoi task has been widely used with children, adolescents and adults (e.g. Guevara, Martinez, Aguirre, & Gonzalez, 2012) from both general (Welsh & Huizinga, 2005) and clinical (Gimenez, et al 2003;Vakil, Hassin-Baer, & Karni, 2014) samples. Similarly the Corsi Block task has been employed with children, adolescents and adults (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%