Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in the nasal cavity treated with proton beam therapy concurrent with cisplatin: a case report

Abstract

IntroductionBasaloid squamous cell carcinoma is a rare and aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is mostly seen in the upper aerodigestive tract and has a propensity for lymph node spread and systemic metastases. Various treatment modalities have been reported, including surgical excision supplemented with radiotherapy/adjuvant chemotherapy. To the best of our knowledge, treatment of nasal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma with proton beam therapy and cisplatin has not been described in the literature.Case presentationWe report the case of a 56-year-old Japanese man with locally invasive basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in his right nasal cavity with invasion of the orbit, paranasal sinus, and buccal subcutaneous tissue. He underwent proton beam therapy concurrent with cisplatin. Acute and late side effects did not exceed grade 3. At 24-month follow up, he remains in complete remission.ConclusionProton beam therapy concurrent with cisplatin may be one choice for locally invasive basaloid squamous cell carcinoma.

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Ethmoid Sinus with Invasion into the Skull Base Treated with Craniofacial Resection and Adjuvant Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy: A Case Report

“…Around 40 sinonasal BSCC cases are reported in the literature. Patients most commonly present with a facial mass, nasal obstruction, epistaxis [ 3 , 5 - 7 , 9 ], and less frequently, with visual symptoms (diplopia and blurred vision) [ 3 ]. Sinonasal BSCC cases reported in the literature often evoke bone erosion [ 4 , 7 ], dural invasion [ 7 ], and intracranial extension (two of 14 cases in a review by Wieneke, et al [ 3 ]) testifying to the locally aggressive nature of this rare entity.…”

“…In some instances, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy [ 4 ] or radiation therapy [ 8 ] at doses of 40-45 Gy have been administered to render the tumor resectable [ 4 ]. We found a few reported cases treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy [ 5 - 7 ], one of which used proton beam therapy to 70 cobalt Gy equivalent (CGE), with concomitant single-agent, high-dose cisplatin (100 mg/m2) on days 1, 22 and 43 [ 5 ]. The patient reported in that paper was free of disease at his 24-month follow-up.…”

“…It is, however, not limited to the head and neck region and has been reported in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems as well [ 2 ]. Less than forty cases of BSCC of the sinonasal tract have been reported in the literature [ 3 - 10 ], and reports of sinonasal BSCC arising from or involving the ethmoid sinus are even more scarce [ 5 , 7 ]. Data on the management of this rare entity is limited.…”

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Sinonasal Tract with Metastasis to the Liver: A Case Report and Literature Review

“…6 To date, 95 cases of sinonasal tract BSCC have been previously reported in the literature (table). 3,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] In most reports, 1,2,[4][5][6][7]9,12,[14][15][16] BSCC has occurred primarily in men, although Wieneke et al 17 found an equal distribution between the sexes. The reported median age of BSCC patients has ranged from 52 to 66.5 years.…”

“…17 The clinical presentation of sinonasal BSCC can include a nasal mass, nasal obstruction, epistaxis, cheek swelling, pain, exophthalmos, blurred vision, sinusitis and headache. 3,7,8,10,11,13,14,16 However, these features are not specific to BSCC, since any enlarging nasal mass can cause similar signs and symptoms. In most of these cases, sinonasal BSCC occurred on the right side 3,7,10,11,14,16 except for 3 reports in which it occurred on the left side, 8,14,17 the reason being unknown.…”