Baseline and 6-Week Follow-Up Levels of PAF and Activity of Its Metabolic Enzymes in Patients With Heart Failure and Healthy Volunteers—A Pilot Study

Abstract

This study aimed at evaluating the changes in platelet-activating factor (PAF) and its metabolic enzymes over a 6-week follow-up period in patients with newly diagnosed heart failure ([HF] n = 12) compared with age-, sex-, and BMI-matched apparently healthy volunteers (n = 10). The PAF, its key biosynthetic enzymes (lyso-PAF acetyltransferase [lyso-PAF-AT] and dithiothreitol [DTT]-insensitive CDP choline: 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol cholinephosphotransferase [PAF-CPT]), and its catabolic isoenzymes (PAF-acetylhydrolase [PAF-AH] and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 [Lp-PLA2]) were measured in serum and leukocytes of participants. At baseline, patients with HF had lower median activities of lyso-PAF-AT (P < .001) and PAF-CPT (P = .07) in parallel with PAF levels (P = .05) and higher activities of PAF-AH (P = .02) and Lp-PLA2 (P < .001) than controls. At follow-up, PAF-CPT and PAF levels marginally increased (P = .1), lyso-PAF-AT (P < .001) remained downregulated, while PAF-AH (P = .004) and Lp-PLA2 (P < .001) remained elevated compared with the controls. Newly diagnosed patients with HF under drug treatment have an affected profile of PAF biosynthetic enzymes and especially lyso-PAF-AT.

The association between dietary patterns and the novel inflammatory markers platelet-activating factor and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2: a systematic review

“…21,22 Patients with diabetes, heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, and coronary heart disease have elevated levels of PAF. [23][24][25][26][27][28] Lp-PLA 2 (alternatively known as platelet-activating factor-acetylhydrolase) is an enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of PAF and belongs to the PLA 2 superfamily. 29 As Lp-PLA 2 hydrolyses PAF into the inactive form lyso-PAF, Lp-PLA 2 levels are proposed to be determined by in vivo levels of PAF and may serve as a reliable surrogate marker of PAF.…”

The association between dietary quality scores with C-reactive protein and novel biomarkers of inflammation platelet-activating factor and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2: a cross-sectional study

“…PAF is an etherlinked glycerophospholipid and is a potent inflammatory mediator involved in endothelial dysfunction and permeability, cell signalling and initiation of the inflammatory cascade within the intima [10]. PAF has been shown to be associated with numerous CVD events including myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke and coronary heart disease [11][12][13][14].…”

Interrelationships among platelet‐activating factor and lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A2 activity and traditional cardiovascular risk factors

“…11,14,16 PAF increases reactive oxygen species leading to LDL oxidation, increases endothelial permeability and stimulates the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages. [17][18][19][20][21] PAF is associated with numerous CVDs such as, heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke [22][23][24][25] and other related inflammatory chronic diseases such as diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease where PAF stimulates hepatic lipid synthesis and causes hypertriglyceridemia. [26][27][28] Lp-PLA 2 is a 50-kD, Ca 2+ independent phospholipase (EC 3.1.…”