Baseline and post-atrial pacing release of atrial natriuretic factor in mitral stenosis

Characteristics of the Acute Rise of Atrial Natriuretic Factor During Ventricular Pacing

“…This study demonstrates that ANF exhibits a gradual, although marked, rise following the onset of ventricular pacing, requiring an average of 120 min before group values stabilize and, even after that interval, individual values continue to show considerable fluctuation. The return to baseline on resumption of DDD pacing is complete by 1 h. Although several previous studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]9,10 have found elevated ANF levels during VVI pacing, short periods of pacing of 10 to 15 min were generally used. A few studies 8,11-13 employed a 30-to 60-min acute pacing period.…”

“…I t is known that levels of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) are elevated during ventricular (VVI) pacing, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and since the peptide has natriuretic, diuretic, and vasodilator properties, 14 it has been implicated in the pathophysiology of pacing-induced hypotension and pacemaker syndrome. Furthermore, levels of ANF at rest and during stress have been used to evaluate the physiologic performance of various pacing modalities.…”