Baseline autonomic nervous system arousal and physical and relational aggression in preschool: The moderating role of effortful control

Bidirectional pathways between relational aggression and temperament from late childhood to adolescence

“…Although recent studies have begun to examine the conditions under which relational aggression is associated with individual differences (Gower & Crick, 2011; Mayeux, 2014; Smack, Kushner, & Tackett, 2015), we know little about why relational aggression and individual differences are associated throughout late childhood and adolescence, and whether the same associations persist later in adolescence and early adulthood.…”

Parental Perceptions of Aggressive Behavior in Preschoolers: Inhibitory Control Moderates the Association With Negative Emotionality

“…In fact, a recent study conducted among adolescents reported differential relations between overt physical and relational forms of aggression and temperamental reactivity and self‐regulation (Dane & Marini, ). A study conducted by Gower and Crick () in two samples of preschoolers showed that physical and relational aggression were both associated with low baseline autonomic nervous system arousal but only in the context of low effortful control.…”

Ostracism and physiological arousal following traumatic brain injury

“…There is little direct evidence of what might be occurring physiologically when a person is driven to engage in one of these behaviours; however, converging evidence provides some insight. Gower and Crick [51] found that lower resting states were related to aggression. Within the current sample, the resting SCLs in the TBI group were equivalent to those in the control group, suggesting that aggressive responses may be less likely in this sample and certainly this is consistent with our finding that the TBI group reported a similar level of anger as the control group following rejection.…”