Bases for Object Individuation in Infancy: Evidence From Manual Search

Walle, Gretchen A. Van de; Carey, Susan; Prevor, Meredith B.

doi:10.1207/s15327647jcd0103_1

Cited by 146 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…at time 2). Third, Xu, Cote, and Baker (2005) used a variant of the manual search paradigm of Van de Walle et al (2000). However, rather than seeing objects go in and out of the box, they just saw an experimenter who looked into the box twice, and either said twice ''Wow!…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This suggestion fits with a long tradition in analytical philosophy which views the acquisition of sortal terms and quantifiers as the entrance into thought proper about objects, and which holds that without language the only possibilities of perceiving objects are featureplacing and spatiotemporal tracking (e.g., Davidson, 1982;Dummett, 1993;Quine, 1960;Sellars, 1963). Now, on the premise that the tasks used with infants (both the original habituation task by Xu and Carey (1996), the original search task by Van de Walle et al (2000), and the simplified search task by ) measure kind-based object individuation (which we accept for now, following previous work in the literature, but see Section 4), the question whether this type of object individuation is uniquely human is an empirically testable one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ape metaphysics: Object individuation without language

2008

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Developmental research suggests that whereas very young infants individuate objects purely on spatiotemporal grounds, from (at latest) around 1 year of age children are capable of individuating objects according to the kind they belong to and the properties they instantiate. As the latter ability has been found to correlate with language, some have speculated whether it might be essentially language dependent and therefore uniquely human. Existing studies with non-human primates seem to speak against this hypothesis, but fail to present conclusive evidence due to methodological shortcomings. In the present experiments we set out to test non-linguistic object individuation in three great ape species with a refined manual search methodology. Experiment 1 tested for spatiotemporal object individuation: Subjects saw 1 or 2 objects simultaneously being placed inside a box in which they could reach, and then in both conditions only found 1 object. After retrieval of the 1 object, subjects reached again significantly more often when they had seen 2 than when they had seen 1 object. Experiment 2 tested for object individuation according to property/kind information only: Subjects saw 1 object being placed inside the box, and then either found that object (expected) or an object of a different kind (unexpected). Analogously to Experiment 1, after retrieval of the 1 object, subjects reached again significantly more often in the unexpected than in the expected condition. These results thus confirm previous findings suggesting that individuating objects according to their property/kind is neither uniquely human nor essentially language dependent. It remains to be seen, however, whether this kind of object individuation requires sortal concepts as human linguistic thinkers use them, or whether some simpler form of tracking properties is sufficient.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ape metaphysics: Object individuation without language

2008

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“…Besides, learning number countings serve as keys to construct initial number concepts among students with disability (Baroody et al,2003;Benson & Baroody, 2002;Mix et al, 2005;Sandhofer & Mix, 2003;Spelke, 2003aSpelke, , 2003bVan deWalle et al, 2000). Furthermore, counting is a critical component in learning mathematics and it is also a key basis for extending number understanding beyond the small numbers (Baroody et al, 2006).…”

Section: Number Countingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examine Counting Procedure among Students with Mild Intellectual Disability: A Case of Penang Malaysia

Taibat¹,

Ahmad²,

Ghazali³

2013

IES

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This study investigates counting procedure in number counting based on gender among students with mild intellectual disability. Quantitative approach was used for testing counting procedure in number counting among these students. The samples for the study comprise fifteen male and fifteen female students with intellectual disability. Descriptive statistics and T-test were used in analyzing the data. It was revealed from the result of the study that students with mild intellectual disability showed understanding of counting procedure in number counting. However, the results of the study showed that these students have difficulty in number counting using abstraction principle and order irrelevance principle. It was shown that there was no significant difference between males and females in number counting when applying counting procedure.

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“…Os dados das pesquisas com bebês utilizando ambas as metodologias mostraram que os bebês são sensíveis às informações quantitativas presentes no mundo físico. Por exemplo, usando a metodologia da busca manual e manipulando duas condições experimentais: (a) coerência (Ex: dois objetos inseridos e dois objetos retirados) e (b) incoerência (Ex: dois objetos inseridos e um objeto retirado), os pesquisadores Van de Walle et al (2000) demonstraram que os bebês conseguem detectar, memorizar e perceber alteração numérica 3 . Nesse experimento, os pesquisadores inseriram duas bolas dentro de uma caixa e, em seguida, retiraram somente uma bola de dentro desta mesma caixa (situação de incoerência; a outra bola ficou escondida em um fundo falso).…”

Section: São Numéricas As Representações Quantitativasunclassified

“…Alguns argumentam que as crianças formam representações mentais quantitativas baseadas em conhecimento inato de número (Butterworth, 1999;Carey, 1991;Carey & Spelke, 1994;Dehaene, 1997;Gelman, 1991;Gelman & Gallistel, 1978). Outros propõem que estas representações são baseadas em mecanismos cognitivos inatos de detecção de magnitudes e individuação de objetos (Carey, 2008;Cordes & Brannon, 2008;Feigenson & Carey, 2003;Feigenson, Carey, & Spelke, 2002;Le Corre & Carey, 2007;Uller, Carey, Huntley-Fenner, & Klatt, 1999;Van de Walle, Carey, & Prevor, 2000).…”

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Das competências quantitativas iniciais para o conceito de número natural: quais as trilhas possíveis?

Barbosa

2012

Psicol. Reflex. Crit.

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ResumoA presente revisão tem o objetivo de analisar as propostas apresentadas por estudos na área da cognição matemática sobre as habilidades quantitativas iniciais dos bebês e como estas habilidades iniciais podem levar à construção do conceito de número natural. A partir das evidências, o presente artigo discute se a ideia de número natural é inata, ideia defendida pela posição nativista original, ou se é derivada de um processo de desenvolvimento. Assim como também, apresenta dados de estudos recentes que sugerem ser o conhecimento de número natural um processo de desenvolvimento cognitivo gradual e de domínio genérico. Embora, mais estudos sejam necessários para se firmar esta última conjectura. Palavras-chave: Cognição matemática, número, formação de conceito. AbstractThe present review aims to analyze the proposal put forward by researches on mathematical cognition about the initial quantitative abilities in human infants. Also, it analyses how the human infants may construct the concept of natural number upon these initial abilities. From the data presented, the paper discusses whether the idea of number has an innate basis, which is an original nativist's position, or a developmental process. Additionally, it presents data from new studies that point towards a cognitive process in the natural number concept that goes from general to specific domains. However, more studies are needed to support this proposal.

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Bases for Object Individuation in Infancy: Evidence From Manual Search

Cited by 146 publications

References 51 publications

Ape metaphysics: Object individuation without language

Ape metaphysics: Object individuation without language

Examine Counting Procedure among Students with Mild Intellectual Disability: A Case of Penang Malaysia

Das competências quantitativas iniciais para o conceito de número natural: quais as trilhas possíveis?

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