Basics of Marine and Estuarine Ecology

Mitra, Abhijit; Zaman, Sufia

doi:10.1007/978-81-322-2707-6

Cited by 58 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Highly silted mangrove communities in the Sundarbans are not only poor in alpha and gamma diversities but also almost similar in species composition (Figure ). These results are in agreement with Mitra and Zaman (), reporting limited growth and regeneration of many mangroves due to sediment burial of aerial roots in the Sundarbans. Sediment burial of aerial roots (inhibits root aeration) is a major reason for worldwide mangrove mortality (De Deurwaerder, Okello, Koedam, Schmitz, & Steppe, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…For example, Thampanya, Vermaat, and Terrados (), in their experimental work on Thailand mangroves, observed 100% mortality in Avicennia officinalis , 70% in Rhizophora mucronata and 40% in Sonneratia caseolaris under extreme sediment accretion level (32 cm). The Sundarbans is an active delta where the river network annually transports about 2.4 billion tons of sediments (Mitra & Zaman, ). Therefore, future research is required to understand species‐specific sensitivities and adaptations (e.g., modified rooting architecture) to siltation because this will help to forecast which species may colonize the newly formed islands and which are compatible for replanting under future siltation scenarios.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling spatial biodiversity in the world’s largest mangrove ecosystem—The Bangladesh Sundarbans: A baseline for conservation

Sarker

Reeve

Paul³

et al. 2019

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim: Mangrove forests are among the most threatened and rapidly vanishing, but poorly understood ecosystems. We aim to uncover the variables driving mangrove biodiversity and produce baseline biodiversity maps for the Sundarbans world heritage site-the Earth's largest contiguous mangrove ecosystem. Location:The Bangladesh Sundarbans, South Asia. Methods:We collected species abundance, environmental and disturbance data from 110 permanent sample plots (PSPs) covering the entire Bangladesh Sundarbans (6,017 km 2 ). We applied generalized additive models to determine the key variables shaping the spatial distributions of mangrove diversity and community composition.Biodiversity maps were constructed using covariate-driven habitat models, and their predictive performances were compared with covariate-free (i.e., direct interpolation) approaches to see whether the inclusion of habitat variables bolster spatial predictions of biodiversity or whether we can rely on direct interpolation approaches when environmental data are not available.Results: Historical forest exploitation, disease, siltation and soil alkalinity were the key stressors causing loss of alpha and gamma diversity in mangrove communities.Both alpha and gamma diversity increased along the downstream-to-upstream and riverbank-to-forest interior gradients. Mangrove communities subjected to intensive past tree harvesting, disease outbreaks and siltation were more homogeneous in species composition (beta diversity). In contrast, heterogeneity in species composition increased along decreasing salinity and downstream-to-upstream gradients. We find that the surviving biodiversity hotspots (comprising many globally endangered tree species) are located outside the established protected area network and hence open to human exploitation. We therefore suggest bringing them immediately under protected area management. Main conclusions:We provide the first habitat-based modelling and mapping of alpha, beta and gamma diversity in threatened mangrove communities. In general, habitat-based models showed better predictive ability than the covariate-free approach. Nevertheless, the small margin of differences between the approaches

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling spatial biodiversity in the world’s largest mangrove ecosystem—The Bangladesh Sundarbans: A baseline for conservation

Sarker

Reeve

Paul³

et al. 2019

Diversity and Distributions

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“…3,4 . Bruguiera gymnorrhiza is a true mangrove species which belongs to the family of Rhizophoraceae and has preference for low saline water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical constituents of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza fruit collected from Indian Sundarbans, the designated World Heritage Site

2018

IJGHC

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Abstract:In the present study we carried out an investigation on the antimicrobial activity and phytochemical constituents of the fruit of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, a true mangrove species collected from Indian Sundarbans located at the apex of Bay of Bengal in the maritime state of West Bengal. Antimicrobial activity of n-hexane extract of fruit parts and leaf varied as per the order leaf > pericarp > exocarp > endocarp and for water extract the order is endocarp > exocarp > pericarp > leaf.

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“…The mangrove ecosystem of Indian Sundarbans (located between 21 0 32′-22 0 40′ north and between 88 0 85′-89 0 00′ east) offers a wide spectrum of ecosystem services like erosion control, protection against natural disasters, supply of natural resources linked with the livelihood of the local population (like timber, fi shes, honey, wax etc), bioremediation, protection against sea level rise (through accretion of silt particles), carbon sequestration etc [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Because of this wide range of services to mankind these unique halophytes are over exploited in many parts of the world including India.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Threat Detection Technique in Context to Mangrove Ecosystem of Indian Sundarbans

Zaman¹,

Chowdhury²,

Sengupta³

et al. 2017

Ann Mar Sci

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The mangrove ecosystem in the lower Gangetic delta is one of the most biologically productive and taxonmically diverse ecosystems of the tropics, which is threatened by a variety of stressors. The main threats operating in this fragile ecosystem are erosion, natural disasters (like cyclone, wave actions, tidal surges etc), over exploitation of natural resources, pollution, siltation, sea level rise etc. In this research, we have attempted to develop a mechanism to evaluate and rank the magnitude of threats based through collection of expert opinion from different groups of respondents. The respondents were categorised into fi ve major classes namely policy maker, researcher, fi sherman, agriculturist and local inhabitant. About 305 respondents belonging to this 5 categories were asked about the types of threats and their respective magnitude by ranking the threats between 1 to 6. Three different Composite Threat Scales were constructed for three sectors (western, central and eastern) of Indian Sundarbans as these three sectors have contrasting variations with respect to geographical features, salinity, biodiversity, and vulnerability of threats. The present approach of threat analysis can be a road map to identify the types of threats along with their magnitude in the mangrove ecosystem of the world. This scale can also be regulated because of regional settings, which would subsequently lead towards the path of conservation priority of natural resources.

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Basics of Marine and Estuarine Ecology

Cited by 58 publications

References 0 publications

Modelling spatial biodiversity in the world’s largest mangrove ecosystem—The Bangladesh Sundarbans: A baseline for conservation

Modelling spatial biodiversity in the world’s largest mangrove ecosystem—The Bangladesh Sundarbans: A baseline for conservation

Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical constituents of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza fruit collected from Indian Sundarbans, the designated World Heritage Site

Threat Detection Technique in Context to Mangrove Ecosystem of Indian Sundarbans

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