Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition – Deutsche Fassung

Macha, Thorsten; Petermann, Franz

doi:10.1024/1661-4747/a000232

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…On the other hand, there is a medium correlation between language variables at t 2 and t 3 (see Table ). This corresponds to the findings indicating that language development in the first years of life proceeds in a variable way (Anderson & Burnett, ; Szagun, ) and that assessments at 12 months (t 1 ) have low predictive power for later language development (Macha & Petermann, ; Suchodoletz, ). In infancy, both comprehension and production are immature and restricted in range, thereby attenuating potential correlation (Bornstein & Hendricks, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Mediating Role of Maternal Sensitivity: Enhancing Language Development in At‐risk Families

Neuhauser

Ramseier

Schaub

et al. 2018

Infant Mental Health Journal

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Home-visiting programs have gained increasing importance in family-centered prevention and intervention. However, few studies have examined the mechanisms underlying early intervention treatment effects. The goal of this study is to analyze the mediating role of maternal sensitivity in enhancing language development with the home-visiting program Parents as Teachers (PAT). Data were collected and analyzed within the ongoing, long-term ZEPPELIN study, a randomized controlled trial with 251 participating at-risk families. Via longitudinal mediation analysis, we examined whether effects of the PAT on receptive and expressive language outcomes at 24 and 36 months were mediated by maternal sensitivity at 12 months. Within a moderated mediation framework, we investigated whether the level of family psychosocial stress affects this mediation. Results showed that intervention effects on language outcomes are mediated by maternal sensitivity-weakly and through specific pathways. Moderation and moderated mediation analyses indicated that effects of the PAT and also specific mediation effects increase with the level of psychosocial stress. Implications of the results for practice are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Mediating Role of Maternal Sensitivity: Enhancing Language Development in At‐risk Families

Neuhauser

Ramseier

Schaub

et al. 2018

Infant Mental Health Journal

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“…In contrast to the German norm, the US norm included also infants with reduced developmental outcomes. [3][4][5]8] The different composition of US reference cohorts may account for the higher composite scores for scores below 100 when compared to German ones. A similar effect was observed for the comparison of the 2 nd and the 3 rd version of the Bayley-test.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using age-specific reference tables, the raw value is then converted into a 19-point scaled score. [3] (Figure 1)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The German version uses national reference data established in a different cohort which includes 1,009 healthy children born in Germany. 3 Despite the same test results, it was recently identified that for preterm infants (<32 weeks), the use of the German or U.S. Bayley norms leads to different composite scores. 11 Specifically, the same number of successfully achieved tasks leads to different scores depending on the manual used for assessment (United States or German).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Make Bayley III Scores Comparable between United States and German Norms—Development of Conversion Equations

Kosmann¹,

Blaeser²,

Rochow

et al. 2022

Neuropediatrics

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Aim: Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Bayley-III) determines scaled scores and converts these into composite scores. It was shown that applying of the German and the US manual leads to different results. This study aims to systematically analyze the differences between the US and German Bayley-III version and to develop conversion equations. Method: This simulation study generated a dataset of pairs of US and German Bayley III composite scores (cognitive: n=4,416, language: n=240,000, motor: n=314,000) by converting the same number of achievable tasks for 48 age groups. Bland-Altman-plots and regression analysis was performed to develop conversion equations for all age groups. Results: German and US Bayley-III scores demonstrate distinct slope and interception for cognitive, language and motor composite scores. Lower developmental performance lead to higher composite scores with US norms compared to German norms (up to 15 points). These differences varied between age groups. With newly developed conversion equations the results can be converted (R²>0.98). Interpretation: This study confirms systematic differences between US and German Bayley test results due to different reference cohorts. Our data considers the full age range and adds conversion equations. These findings need to be acknowledged when comparing Bayley Scores internationally.

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“…Another important outlook of the current study was to assess the predictive value of the cortical tracking abilities of newborns. As other studies reported that infant cortical tracking positively correlated with language development (Menn, Ward, et al, 2022; Ní Choisdealbha et al, 2023), we also measured the infants’ language development at 6 months of age using the Bayley scales (Macha & Petermann, 2015) and investigated the correlation with newborns’ cortical tracking ability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural speech tracking in newborns: prenatal learning and contributing factors

Florea,

Reimann,

Schmidt

et al. 2024

Preprint

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IntroductionEarly language development in infants is being increasingly studied, though only recently with direct measurements of brain activity rather than with behavioral or physiological measurements. In the current study, we use electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings of 2-week-old infants to look for signs of prenatal learning and to investigate newborns’ abilities to process language. We also look at the influence of prenatal stress factors and at the predictive value of the newborns’ language processing abilities for later language development.MethodsSixty pregnant women played a rhyme to their abdomen twice a day from the 34thweek of pregnancy until birth, to familiarize the fetus with the rhyme. At around 2 weeks after delivery (mean age 16 days), the newborns were exposed to the familiar rhyme as well as to an unfamiliar one while their EEG was recorded. Additionally, three manipulations of the familiar rhyme were played: (1) low-pass filtered, (2) with changed rhythm, and (3) inverted and played backwards. The data was analyzed to see how well the infant brain signal followed the speech envelope in each condition.Accounting for the heterogenous approach used for neural speech tracking in the literature, we used four methods, namely: (1) coherence, (2) Hilbert coherence, (3) temporal response functions (TRF), and (4) mutual information (MI). The maternal prenatal depression was evaluated with Edinburgh Prenatal Depression Score and the chronic fetal stress was measured from the hair cortisol levels of the 2 week-olds. The language development at 6 months of age was evaluated with the Bayley Scales.Results and discussionOverall, the results indicate the presence of prenatal learning, with the unfamiliar rhyme eliciting stronger cortical tracking (higher coherence and MI) than the familiar rhyme, which suggests stronger brain-to-speech coupling for the unfamiliar rhyme, perhaps deriving from more effort to process the unexpected stimulus. However, the original version of the familiar rhyme proved to be the easiest to track compared to the language- and rhythm-manipulations, (higher MI for the original rhyme than the language manipulation and higher coherence and mTRF correlation coefficients for the original rhyme than the rhythm manipulation). This indicates language discrimination and a prosodic-based learning of the familiar rhyme. Furthermore, there is an indication of phonotactic sensitivity at this young age, with less tracking (lower Hilbert coherence and lower mTRF correlation coefficients) of the low-pass filtered rhyme than the original version, indicating that the phonological cues erased by the filtering were important for the newborn’s ability to follow the rhyme.Furthermore, the mothers’ depression scores positively correlated with the infant’s tracking ability for the familiar rhyme. This suggests that a slightly lower mood was more stimulative for the fetal language development. The chronic fetal stress levels, however, were negatively correlated with the cortical tracking abilities. Importantly, the newborn’s cortical tracking was positively correlated with the infant’s language development at 6 months of age, underlining the predictive value of the early assessment of language processing.ConclusionPrenatal learning is well established, but evidence including (healthy) brain data in the first weeks of life is scarce. The current study shows that newborns can discriminate between a familiar and unfamiliar rhyme, while also highlighting the role of prosody in early language processing, and bringing new evidence of their sensitivity to phonotactic cues in auditory stimuli. Furthermore, the newborn’s ability to track a rhyme is correlated with their language development at 6 months. The newborn’s cortical tracking of the familiar rhyme is further increased by moderately low maternal mood, but decreased by fetal stress. Future studies with similar fine-grained linguistic designs but of older infants should teach us the timeline of what exactly is learned prenatally and at very early age in respect to language.

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Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition – Deutsche Fassung

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Mediating Role of Maternal Sensitivity: Enhancing Language Development in At‐risk Families

Mediating Role of Maternal Sensitivity: Enhancing Language Development in At‐risk Families

Make Bayley III Scores Comparable between United States and German Norms—Development of Conversion Equations

Neural speech tracking in newborns: prenatal learning and contributing factors

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