BCG-induced trained immunity: history, mechanisms and potential applications

Chen, Jingjing; Li, Gao; Wu, Xinya; Fan, Yuxin; Liu, Meixiao; Li, Peng; Song, Jieqin; Li, Bingxue; Liu, Aihua; Bao, Fukai

doi:10.1186/s12967-023-03944-8

Cited by 44 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 74 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Prior studies have established that intravenous BCG induces expansion and epigenetic modification of the lineage -Sca1 + Kit + (LSK) population of HSPC linked to the functional enhancement of mature myeloid cells (27,29,53). Flow cytometric analysis of HSPC subsets (Fig S2C ) after bladder BCG revealed expansion of the LSK population, decreases in the proportion of long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSC), increases in the proportion of short-term hematopoietic stem cells (ST-HSC), an increase in the proportion of multipotent progenitor (MPP) cells, and an increase in common myeloid progenitor cells (CMP) (Figure 2D) .…”

Section: Bladder Bcg Reprograms Hspcs Via Direct Bone Marrow Coloniza...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial cancer immunotherapy reprograms hematopoiesis to enhance anti-tumor immunity

Daman,

Antonelli,

Redelman-Sidi

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mycobacterium bovis BCG is the vaccine against tuberculosis and an immunotherapy for bladder cancer. When administered intravenously, BCG reprograms bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), leading to heterologous protection against infections. Whether HSPC-reprogramming contributes to the anti-tumor effects of BCG administered into the bladder is unknown. We demonstrate that BCG administered in the bladder in both mice and humans reprograms HSPCs to amplify myelopoiesis and functionally enhance myeloid cell antigen presentation pathways. Reconstitution of naive mice with HSPCs from bladder BCG-treated mice enhances anti-tumor immunity and tumor control, increases intratumoral dendritic cell infiltration, and synergizes with checkpoint blockade. We conclude that bladder BCG acts systemically, reprogramming HSPC-encoded innate immunity, highlighting the broad potential of modulating HSPC phenotypes to improve tumor immunity.

show abstract

Section: Bladder Bcg Reprograms Hspcs Via Direct Bone Marrow Coloniza...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial cancer immunotherapy reprograms hematopoiesis to enhance anti-tumor immunity

Daman,

Antonelli,

Redelman-Sidi

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The prophylactic function of BCG, LAVZ or other vaccinations has to be fully established; however, they may likely be used as a potential adjuvant to mitigate the effects of concurrent respiratory infections. Trained immunity has been hypothesised as a possible mechanism of action probably through the metabolic and epigenetic modifications induced by vaccination, as described for BCG ( 200 ). Since aging affects many intracellular processes, one possible strategy to improve immune cell fitness could be to provide elderly people with cellular supplement compounds such as antioxidants or nutrients.…”

Section: Possibilities Of Strengthening Immunity In Old Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of aging on immunity in the context of COVID-19, HIV, and tuberculosis

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Knowledge of aging biology needs to be expanded due to the continuously growing number of elderly people worldwide. Aging induces changes that affect all systems of the body. The risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer increases with age. In particular, the age-induced adaptation of the immune system causes a greater susceptibility to infections and contributes to the inability to control pathogen growth and immune-mediated tissue damage. Since the impact of aging on immune function, is still to be fully elucidated, this review addresses some of the recent understanding of age-related changes affecting key components of immunity. The emphasis is on immunosenescence and inflammaging that are impacted by common infectious diseases that are characterized by a high mortality, and includes COVID-19, HIV and tuberculosis.

show abstract

“…6 In addition to heterologous T-cell responses, BCG induces long-lasting metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming of the innate immune system known as trained immunity. 7 These diverse and persistent effects on immune regulation can also be relevant for treatment and prevention of autoimmune diseases. 8 A meta-analysis including six human case-control studies did not find a significant change in MS risk after BCG vaccination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BCG vaccination and multiple sclerosis risk: A Norwegian cohort study

Nakken,

Aarseth,

Wergeland

et al. 2024

Mult Scler

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination induces long-lasting effects on the adaptive and innate immune systems and prevents development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and possibly also inflammatory disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: The objective is to examine if BCG given in early adulthood decreases MS risk. Methods: From 791,369 (52% females) Norwegians participating in a national tuberculosis screening program from 1963 to 1975, we collected information on BCG vaccination and tuberculosis disease status. Later, MS disease was ascertained through both the Norwegian MS Registry and Biobank and the Norwegian Death Registry. We used logistic regression models to assess the relationship between BCG vaccination and MS risk. Results: In those BCG vaccinated, mean age at vaccination was 15.6 (standard deviation (SD) = 5.5) years. A total of 2862 (65% females) MS cases were retrieved. Overall, we found no association between MS risk and BCG vaccination. Compared to non-BCG-vaccinated individuals with no signs of tuberculosis infection, odds ratio (OR) for MS was 1.00 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.80–1.25) in the BCG-vaccinated group. In those not BCG vaccinated because of latent tuberculosis infection, the corresponding OR was 0.86 (95% CI = 0.66–1.13). Conclusion: We found no evidence of BCG vaccination or latent tuberculosis infection in young adulthood being linked to MS risk.

show abstract

BCG-induced trained immunity: history, mechanisms and potential applications

Cited by 44 publications

References 74 publications

Microbial cancer immunotherapy reprograms hematopoiesis to enhance anti-tumor immunity

Microbial cancer immunotherapy reprograms hematopoiesis to enhance anti-tumor immunity

Impact of aging on immunity in the context of COVID-19, HIV, and tuberculosis

BCG vaccination and multiple sclerosis risk: A Norwegian cohort study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About