Bed material agglomeration during fluidized bed combustion

Abstract

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Ilmenite as alternative bed material for the combustion of coal and biomass blends in a fluidised bed combustor to improve combustion performance and reduce agglomeration tendency

“…Furthermore, the presence of Si and alkali metals could facilitate the sintering of iron oxides due to the formation of compounds with low melting points, such as potassium silicates and FeSiO4 [14]. The agglomeration in fluidised bed combustion has been reported as a result of reactions involving iron oxides, silica minerals, and alkali metals, facilitated by localised reducing conditions within the combustor [45]. These localised reducing conditions may arise from either poor lateral bed mixing or oxygen-starved conditions near fuel feed locations.…”

Organic petrology of subbituminous carbonaceous shale samples from Chalāw, Kabul Province, Afghanistan: Considerations for paleoenvironment and energy resource potential

“…The ash yield, moisture and sulfur content, and calorific value of the Chalāw samples (Table 2) are appropriate in comparison with thermal fuels utilized in modern fluidized bed combustors (e.g., Oka, 2004). Lack of agglomerating properties (FSI = 0, Table 3) also may help to decrease defluidization and blockage effects in a fluidized bed combustion application (e.g., Gray and Lowenhaupt, 1989;Brown et al, 1996). However, accurate determination of free swelling index values may be negatively impacted by high mineral matter content.…”