Behavior of wake vortices near ground

Corjon, Alexandre; Poinsot, Therry

doi:10.2514/3.13598

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…A numerical simulation by Corjon and Poinsot [5] finds that ground proximity and resulting viscous flow produce a secondary pair of vortices that induce the original wake vortices to move upward; experimental studies confirm formation of secondary vortices as a result of proximity to the ground [6]. Proximity to the ground has also been shown in observed data and numerical simulations to produce lateral separation of the vortex pair [5,7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 63%

“…(5). Assuming that the local fluid velocity is much smaller than the speed of sound, in other words �u ' =a� 2 � 1, Eq.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Behavior of wake vortices is widely shown to be altered by proximity to the ground [5][6][7], as well as by various atmospheric conditions [8,9]. A numerical simulation by Corjon and Poinsot [5] finds that ground proximity and resulting viscous flow produce a secondary pair of vortices that induce the original wake vortices to move upward; experimental studies confirm formation of secondary vortices as a result of proximity to the ground [6].…”

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confidence: 97%

“…If unaffected by any outside forces, the vortices are observed to induce a downward motion on each other. The pair will descend in the atmosphere as they decay due to instabilities until they dissipate entirely, or interact with an object or are affected by some outside force [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Previous research shows wake vortex dissipation can be enhanced by a variety of factors [5][6][7][8][9] and circulation may reduce to harmless levels well before the mandatory separation distance has been reached. Vortices can also be advected out of the flight path by local winds, leaving a safe runway available for air traffic.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonic Method for Aircraft Wake Vortex Detection

Rodenhiser

Durgin

Johari

2007

Journal of Aircraft

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This paper describes the experimental proof of concept study for an ultrasonic method of wake vortex detection. This new acoustic method uses travel time of acoustic pulses around a closed path to measure the net circulation within the acoustic path. In this application the closed path encloses the vorticity shed from one side of a Piper PA-28 aircraft wing. Magnitude and sign of circulation detected is comparable to the expected circulation generated by the Piper PA-28 test aircraft. This study demonstrates the validity of the acoustic method in detecting aircraft wake vortices. Further investigations and applications using this technique are discussed. = circulation t = t �� t �� = density of air P t = t �� t ��

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mentioning

confidence: 63%

“…(5). Assuming that the local fluid velocity is much smaller than the speed of sound, in other words �u ' =a� 2 � 1, Eq.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonic Method for Aircraft Wake Vortex Detection

Rodenhiser

Durgin

Johari

2007

Journal of Aircraft

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Wind Impact on Single Vortices and Counterrotating Vortex Pairs in Ground Proximity

Holzäpfel

Tchipev

Stephan

2016

Flow Turbulence Combust

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Wall-resolved large eddy simulations are employed to investigate the behaviour of wake vortices and single vortices in ground proximity at a variety of wind conditions. The six considered strengths of wind, ranging between 0.5 and 4 times the initial wake vortex descent speed, w 0 , include practically and theoretically significant wind speeds. A crosswind of 0.5 w 0 may lead to windward stall posing a potential hazard to subsequently landing aircraft, whereas theoretical considerations predict that at 4 w 0 the rebound of the luff vortex is completely suppressed. The same range of wind speeds is also used to investigate the effects of headwind and diagonal wind in order to discriminate between effects of environmental turbulence increasing with wind speed and the direction of the wind shear. The study has been complemented by a number of single vortex computations in order to differentiate between effects related to the mutual interaction of the vortex pair and the individual vortices with the turbulent boundary layer flow. It is shown that vortex ascent, descent, rebound and decay characteristics are controlled by (i) the interaction of the vortices with secondary vorticity detaching from the ground, (ii) the redistribution of vorticity of the boundary layer which is altering the path of the primary vortices by mutual velocity induction, and (iii) the interaction of the vortices with the environmental turbulence.

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Turbulent vortex pair at equilibrium and its interaction with the ground at

Winckelmans,

Duponcheel,

Bricteux

et al. 2024

J. Fluid Mech.

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A turbulent two-vortex system (T-2VS) is obtained by inserting analytical model wake vortices into very weak homogeneous isotropic turbulence (HIT) and by evolving them in time using large-eddy simulation until a turbulent state at statistical equilibrium is reached. The T-2VS is characterised as follows: circulation distribution of the vortices; energy of the mean and fluctuating fields; energy dissipation rate. It is also verified that essentially the same T-2VS is obtained when varying the initial model or initial HIT perturbation. A wall-resolved simulation of the T-2VS further interacting with a smooth ground is then performed at $Re_\varGamma = 2 \times 10^5$ ; this is $10 \times$ higher than in previous works, which allows us to better capture the high Reynolds number behaviour. The high release height of the T-2VS also ensures a physically correct approach to the ground. The results are compared with the literature and also to what is obtained for the case of non-turbulent vortices interacting with the same ground at the same Reynolds number. The flow topologies are discussed, and significant differences are highlighted regarding the separation of the boundary layer generated at the ground, and the way this secondary vorticity interacts with the primary vortices and makes them decay. The vortex trajectories are also measured, together with their circulation distribution and global circulation evolution, and the differences are discussed.

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Behavior of wake vortices near ground

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Ultrasonic Method for Aircraft Wake Vortex Detection

Ultrasonic Method for Aircraft Wake Vortex Detection

Wind Impact on Single Vortices and Counterrotating Vortex Pairs in Ground Proximity

Turbulent vortex pair at equilibrium and its interaction with the ground at

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