Behavioral and morphological responses of an insect herbivore to low nutrient quality are inhibited by plant chemical defenses

Couture, John J.; Mason, Charles J.; Habeck, Christopher W.; Lindroth, Richard L.

doi:10.1007/s11829-016-9439-7

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Different compounds present in the extract should be isolated and their dose-dependent effects should be individually studied in all possible combinations. Additionally, the ability of herbivores to exhibit plasticity in response to diet quality variations gives us directions to study if pericarp extract affects integrated compensatory responses of insect herbivores [88,89]. Additionally, apart from lepidopteran pests, it will be interesting to test the effects of the extract against pests with different feeding habits, such as aphids or white flies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol-Rich Purple Corn Pericarp Extract Adversely Impacts Herbivore Growth and Development

Tayal

Somavat

Rodriguez

et al. 2020

Insects

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Plant secondary metabolites such as terpenes, phenolics, glycosides, and alkaloids play various functional roles including pigmentation, foliar and floral volatile synthesis, hormonal regulation, and direct and indirect defenses. Among these, phenolic compounds are commonly found in plants, but vary in the distribution of their specific compounds among plant families. Polyphenols, including anthocyanins and tannins, are widely distributed and have been well documented for their roles-primarily in plant pigmentation and also in plant defenses. However, commercialization of such compounds for use in insect pest management is severely hampered by expensive, inefficient, and time-consuming extraction protocols. Using a recently developed inexpensive and easy extraction method using the byproducts of pigmented (purple) corn processing, we examined whether the crude pericarp extract rich in polyphenols can affect the growth and development of tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta L.) caterpillars. Our findings show that purple corn pericarp extract negatively affected M. sexta egg hatching and larval mass gain and prolonged developmental time compared to regular yellow corn extract or an artificial control diet. We also found that these effects were more severe during the early stages of caterpillar development. These results conclusively demonstrate that purple corn pericarp, an inexpensive by-product of the corn milling industry, is a valuable product with excellent potential as an insect antifeedant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol-Rich Purple Corn Pericarp Extract Adversely Impacts Herbivore Growth and Development

Tayal

Somavat

Rodriguez

et al. 2020

Insects

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“…Insects engage in compensatory feeding to overcome nutritional deficiencies in their diet (Couture et al 2016 ). Based on the compensatory feeding hypothesis (Couture et al 2016 ), one might expect that phloem ingestion on mature leaves would increase to compensate for reduced amino acid levels on mature leaves. However, this was not the case in our experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Plasticity in Probing by Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera, Liviidae): Ingestion from Phloem Versus Xylem is Influenced by Leaf Age and Surface

et al. 2018

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Diaphorina citri is a major pest of citrus because it transmits Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, a phloem-limited bacterium that putatively causes Huanglongbing (HLB). The disease moves slowly through a tree, and the vector facilitates further within-tree movement via transmission of the pathogen. However, this only happens when D. citri stylets contact the phloem, to inoculate bacteria during phloem salivation and acquire bacteria during phloem sap ingestion. Behavioral changes in D. citri associated with different plant parts would affect how long it takes to reach phloem and how long the psyllids stays in phloem to ingest, thereby influencing the risk of disease spread. D. citri feeding was recorded on the abaxial and adaxial surfaces of mature and immature citrus leaves. Adults in the field can be found on these surfaces at all times of year. On abaxial surface of immature leaves, phloem salivation would occur after 11 h on average, but rarely as soon as 0.56 h. The corresponding values on mature leaves were 16 and 2.7. In general, psyllids spent more time ingesting phloem sap on immature leaves than on mature leaves. Psyllids on abaxial surfaces spent more time ingesting from phloem, though the strength of this effect was less than for immature versus mature leaves. In contrast, xylem ingestion increased on mature leaves compared with young. The biological differences that could produce this outcome are discussed. The results discussed herein are of relevance to further studies on the efficacy of an insecticide to act quickly enough to prevent pathogen transmission.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s10905-018-9666-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Performance of herbivores on plants is determined by a complex interplay of factors including plant chemical defenses, morphological traits and general nutritional quality (Abdala-Roberts et al 2016;Bedoya-Pérez et al 2014;Couture et al 2016;). Thus, for example leaf nitrogen, water and toughness are expected to interact with defensive compounds in determining consumption, growth and survival of folivores (Haukioja et al 2002;Heroy et al 2018;Scriber and Slansky 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Shift from Condensed Tannins to Flavonoids in Transgenic Betula pendula Decreases Consumption and Growth but Improves Growth Efficiency of Epirrita autumnata Larvae

et al. 2019

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Despite active research, antiherbivore activity of specific plant phenolics remains largely unresolved. We constructed silver birch (Betula pendula) lines with modified phenolic metabolism to study the effects of foliar flavonoids and condensed tannins on consumption and growth of larvae of a generalist herbivore, the autumnal moth (Epirrita autumnata). We conducted a feeding experiment using birch lines in which expression of dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR), anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) or anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) had been decreased by RNA interference. Modification-specific effects on plant phenolics, nutrients and phenotype, and on larval consumption and growth were analyzed using uni-and multivariate methods. Inhibiting DFR expression increased the concentration of flavonoids at the expense of condensed tannins, and silencing DFR and ANR decreased leaf and plant size. E. autumnata larvae consumed on average 82% less of DFRi plants than of unmodified controls, suggesting that flavonoids or glandular trichomes deter larval feeding. However, larval growth efficiency was highest on low-tannin DFRi plants, indicating that condensed tannins (or their monomers) are physiologically more harmful than non-tannin flavonoids for E. autumnata larvae. Our results show that genetic manipulation of the flavonoid pathway in plants can effectively be used to produce altered phenolic profiles required for elucidating the roles of low-molecular weight phenolics and condensed tannins in plant-herbivore relationships, and suggest that phenolic secondary metabolites participate in regulation of plant growth.

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Behavioral and morphological responses of an insect herbivore to low nutrient quality are inhibited by plant chemical defenses

Cited by 33 publications

References 47 publications

Polyphenol-Rich Purple Corn Pericarp Extract Adversely Impacts Herbivore Growth and Development

Polyphenol-Rich Purple Corn Pericarp Extract Adversely Impacts Herbivore Growth and Development

Behavioral Plasticity in Probing by Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera, Liviidae): Ingestion from Phloem Versus Xylem is Influenced by Leaf Age and Surface

Phytochemical Shift from Condensed Tannins to Flavonoids in Transgenic Betula pendula Decreases Consumption and Growth but Improves Growth Efficiency of Epirrita autumnata Larvae

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