Behavioral and Neural Correlates of Acute and Scheduled Hunger in C57BL/6 Mice

Gallardo, Christian M.; Hsu, Christine D.; Gunapala, Keith M.; Parfyonov, Maksim; Chang, Cheng‐Nan; Mistlberger, Ralph E.; Steele, Andrew D.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0095990

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Increasing evidence suggests that in humans, regular physical exercise has beneficial effects on health, independently from a reduced body weight . We recorded a typical biphasic response, as has been described earlier, with very high activity prior to the feeding and an overall low activity during the rest of the day. This peak activity could be regarded as a so‐called bout of exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…For this direct effect, it has been described that total activity increases. 23,24 In the study presented, we did not examine the direct effects of calorie restriction but focused our analysis on the long-term effects of calorie restriction, which showed no increase in total daily activity up to 24 months and even a tendency to a decrease in total daily activity at 12 months. Only at 28 months, the total daily activity was higher.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Behavioural changes are a major contributing factor in the reduction of sarcopenia in caloric-restricted ageing mice

Norren

Rusli

Dijk

et al. 2015

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundIn rodent models, caloric restriction (CR) with maintenance of adequate micronutrient supply has been reported to increase lifespan and to reduce age-induced muscle loss (sarcopenia) during ageing. In the present study, we further investigated effects of CR on the onset and severity of sarcopenia in ageing male C57BL/6 J mice. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CR induces changes in behaviour of the animals that could contribute to the pronounced health-promoting effects of CR in rodents. In addition, we aimed to investigate in more detail the effects of CR on the onset and severity of sarcopenia.MethodsThe mice received either an ad libitum diet (control) or a diet matching 70 E% of the control diet (C). Daily activity, body composition (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), grip strength, insulin sensitivity, and general agility and balance were determined at different ages. Mice were killed at 4, 12, 24, and 28 months. Skeletal muscles of the hind limb were dissected, and the muscle extensor digitorum longus muscle was used for force-frequency measurements. The musculus tibialis was used for real-time quantitative PCR analysis.ResultsFrom the age of 12 months, CR animals were nearly half the weight of the control animals, which was mainly related to a lower fat mass. In the control group, the hind limb muscles showed a decline in mass at 24 or 28 months of age, which was not present in the CR group. Moreover, insulin sensitivity (oral glucose tolerance test) was higher in this group and the in vivo and ex vivo grip strength did not differ between the two groups.In the hours before food was provided, CR animals were far more active than control animals, while total daily activity was not increased. Moreover, agility test indicated that CR animals were better climbers and showed more climbing behaviours.ConclusionsOur study confirms earlier findings that in CR animals less sarcopenia is present. The mice on the CR diet, however, showed specific behavioural changes characterized by higher bursts of activity within a short time frame before consumption of a 70 E% daily meal. We hypothesize that the positive effects of CR on muscle maintenance in rodents are not merely a direct consequence of a lower energy intake but also related to a more active behaviour in a specific time frame. The burst of activity just before immediate start of eating, might lead to a highly effective use of the restricted protein sources available.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural changes are a major contributing factor in the reduction of sarcopenia in caloric-restricted ageing mice

Norren

Rusli

Dijk

et al. 2015

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To address this issue, we employed an alternative assay for relating hunger status to activity levels by acutely fasting D1R KO and control mice. In previous studies of the home-cage behavioral response to acute fasting in WT C57BL/6J mice, mice increased their high-activity behaviors two-fold upon acute fasting as compared to AL food access ( Gallardo et al, 2014 ). We measured the total high-activity behavior of D1R KO and WT controls over a 3-day period.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopamine receptor 1 neurons in the dorsal striatum regulate food anticipatory circadian activity rhythms in mice

Gallardo

Darvas

Oviatt

et al. 2014

eLife

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Daily rhythms of food anticipatory activity (FAA) are regulated independently of the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which mediates entrainment of rhythms to light, but the neural circuits that establish FAA remain elusive. In this study, we show that mice lacking the dopamine D1 receptor (D1R KO mice) manifest greatly reduced FAA, whereas mice lacking the dopamine D2 receptor have normal FAA. To determine where dopamine exerts its effect, we limited expression of dopamine signaling to the dorsal striatum of dopamine-deficient mice; these mice developed FAA. Within the dorsal striatum, the daily rhythm of clock gene period2 expression was markedly suppressed in D1R KO mice. Pharmacological activation of D1R at the same time daily was sufficient to establish anticipatory activity in wild-type mice. These results demonstrate that dopamine signaling to D1R-expressing neurons in the dorsal striatum plays an important role in manifestation of FAA, possibly by synchronizing circadian oscillators that modulate motivational processes and behavioral output.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03781.001

show abstract

“…The level of c‐fos expression in the arcuate nucleus was next quantitatively analyzed in the mice groups of hepatic steatosis to assess neural signal activation (Figure A,B). Firstly, c‐fos level in the starvation mice was assessed as a positive control, and 25.88% ± 2.65% of the cells were revealed to become positive (Figure A,B‐CNT). Compared with the level of 6.34% ± 1.26% in controls (CNT, Sham; Figure A,B‐CNT), MC4R KO mice showed the highest level of c‐fos expression among the groups (30.79% ± 1.78%; Figure A,B‐MC4R).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin‐insulin‐like growth factor‐1 axis is activated via autonomic neural circuits in the non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease

Nagoya

Kamimura

Inoue

et al. 2020

Neurogastroenterology Motil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The correlation of the growth hormone (GH) and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been reported in epidemiological studies. However, the mechanisms of molecular and inter‐organ systems that render these factors to influence on NAFLD have not been elucidated. In this study, we examined the induction of ghrelin which is the GH‐releasing hormone and IGF‐1, and involvement of autonomic neural circuits, in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Methods The expression of gastric and hypothalamic ghrelin, neural activation in the brain, and serum IGF‐1 were examined in NAFLD models of choline‐deficient defined l‐amino‐acid diet‐fed, melanocortin 4 receptor knockout mice, and partial hepatectomy mice with or without the blockades of autonomic nerves to test the contribution of neural circuits connecting the brain, liver, and stomach. Key Results The fatty changes in the liver increased the expression of gastric ghrelin through the autonomic pathways which sends the neural signals to the arcuate nucleus in the hypothalamus through the afferent vagal nerve which reached the pituitary gland to release GH and then stimulate the IGF‐1 release from the liver. In addition, high levels of ghrelin expression in the arcuate nucleus were correlated with NAFLD progression regardless of the circuits. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that the fatty liver stimulates the autonomic nervous signal circuits which suppress the progression of the disease by activating the gastric ghrelin expression, the neural signal transduction in the brain, and the release of IGF‐1 from the liver.

show abstract

Behavioral and Neural Correlates of Acute and Scheduled Hunger in C57BL/6 Mice

Cited by 28 publications

References 56 publications

Behavioural changes are a major contributing factor in the reduction of sarcopenia in caloric-restricted ageing mice

Behavioural changes are a major contributing factor in the reduction of sarcopenia in caloric-restricted ageing mice

Dopamine receptor 1 neurons in the dorsal striatum regulate food anticipatory circadian activity rhythms in mice

Ghrelin‐insulin‐like growth factor‐1 axis is activated via autonomic neural circuits in the non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About