Behavioral Business Ethics: The Journey from Foundations to Future

The Behavior of Organization in Economic Crisis: Integration, Interpretation, and Research Development

“…Behavior studies on the aforementioned crisis have noted that organizations increased the adoption of legislative and outer societal norms to retain and recover favorable business outcomes (Giannarakis & Theotokas, 2011;Markovits et al, 2013). Scholars have also reported the growing engagement of organizations in ethical behavior during the crisis (Gelfand et al, 2017;Trevino et al, 2014) caused by demanding ethical expectations and higher sensitivity to social issues (Kish-Gephart et al, 2019;Lins et al, 2017). The above-mentioned studies have supported our presumption that the circumstances of the "2008 World economic crisis" intensified interest and engagement of organizations in ethical behavior.…”

“…For multilevel analysis of the ethical behavior of organizations, we outlined three ethical levels depending on whether research of organizational ethical behavior focuses on the organization itself or personal and social level that can affect or be affected by organizational behavior, referred to as the business context of behavior (Goodpaster, 1992;Rupp et al, 2011). Much of the behavior studies have focused on (Gelfand et al, 2017;Trevino et al, 2008) Behavior in organizations (Jackson, 2001;Moore et al, 2012) Employees' behavior (Kaptein, 2010;Umphress et al, 2010) Methodological issues in research of ethical development (Kish-Gephart et al, 2019;Paterson & Huang, 2019) Societal factors of ethical behavior Social circumstances and their relationships with the ethical behavior of organizations Importance of societal factors for the development of organizational behavior and ways of their influences on the behavior of organizations National culture (Schwartz, 1992;Blodgett et al, 2001) Level of economic development (Egri & Herman, 2000;Furrer et al, 2010) Legislation (Donaldson, 2012;Jacobs et al, 2014) Characteristics of organizations (Deshpande, 1997;Lins et al, 2017) Employees demographics characteristics (Deshpande, 1997;Kaptein, 2008) Situational (macro-level) factors of ethical behavior Characteristics of situational (macro-level) factors and their relationships with the ethical behavior of organizations Importance of society' situational circumstances for the dev...…”

“…Bases for classification of ethical behavior Trevino et al, 2008;(Goodpaster, 1992;Trevino et al, 2008) Classification of behavior in organizations (Egri & Ralston, 2004;Trevino et al, 2014) (Christensen & Kohls, 2003;Donaldson, 2012) 2008 World economic crisis (Crescenzi et al, 2016;Rosenberg, 2012) Slovenian context of 2008 crisis (Potocan et al, 2019;Pučko, 2000), International context of 2008 crisis (Jaffe & Tsimerman, 2011;Markovits et al, 2013;Soulsby et al, 2017) Future directions and research opportunities Unconsidered and less explained areas and levels of ethical behavior Comprehensive conceptualization of ethical behavior -especially related to situational consideration Development of qualitative research methods (Wang et al, 2016) Multilevel analysis of organizational behavior (Moore et al, 2012;Kish-Gephart et al, 2019) Sustainable goals and organizational behavior (Gelfand et al, 2017;Williamson et al, 2006) Research of ethical process in organizations (Donaldson, 2012;Kaptein, 2010) Individual predictors of organizational ethicalbehavior (Robinson and ...…”

“…In the last decade, social studies have highlighted the importance of behavior in organizations (Kish-Gephart et al, 2019;Trevino et al, 2008), which led to the emergence of studies that explored ethical behavior in organizations in light of the development of societal factorslike culture, values, and education (Gelfand et al, 2017;Goodpaster, 1992). The effect of the crisis on the behavior of organizations was conceptualized in the 1980s (Christensen & Kohls, 2003;Donaldson, 2012) based on Negandhi (1983) conceptualization of situational macro-level factors, like development, political factors, and economic factors, as behavior predictors of fluctuations in organizational behavior in modern society.…”

Defining the Socially Responsible Leader: Revisiting Issues in Responsible Leadership

“…In the context of organizational ethics, it has been suggested (Kish-Gephart, Treviño, Chen, & Tilton, 2019; Tenbrunsel & Smith-Crowe, 2008; Tenbrunsel, Smith-Crowe, & Umphress, 2003) that when a strong “ethical infrastructure” is in place in an organization—for example, in the form of formal surveillance and sanctioning systems directed at ethical behavior—individuals may no longer rely on their interpretation of what is responsible or ethical. Instead, they will look at the organization to decide what is the right thing to do.…”