Behavioral differences among breeds of domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris): Current status of the science

Mehrkam, Lindsay R.; Wynne, Clive D. L.

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2014.03.005

Cited by 151 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Behavioural differences between breeds are often inappropriately generalised, however, they are a distinct group of genetic units (Ostrander and Wayne, 2005;Clarke et al, 2013). Whilst it has been emphasised that each breed has specific behavioural characteristics, studies highlight the variation amongst individuals within breeds (Mehrkam and Wynne, 2014). This variability is likely a result of the change in dog breeding priorities, from breeding for abilities to breeding for appearance (Mirkó et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying suitable detection dogs

Jamieson

Baxter

Murray

2017

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

102

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying suitable detection dogs

Jamieson

Baxter

Murray

2017

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

102

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“…On the other hand, the general low heritability of the behavioural traits analysed in the present study are not surprising either. Reasons for such results may be due to the multiple origins of such traits (e.g., Meyer et al, 2012;Mehrkam and Wynne, 2014). First of all, dog behaviour in adulthood may be significantly modified by a number of factors such as quality of milk or solid food for the young (Malm and Jensen, 1996); timing of weaning (Mogi et al, 2011); conditions during the period of socialization (De Meester et al, 2005); early experience (Scott and Fuller, 1965;McMillan et al, 2011McMillan et al, , 2013Mehrkam and Wynne, 2014), etc.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Behavioural differences between domestic dog breeds and between lines within breeds are known and have been also well documented (Mackenzie et al, 1986;Willis, 1995;Ostrander and Kruglyak, 2000;Houpt and Willis, 2001;Houpt, 2007;Hall and Wynne, 2012;Mehrkam and Wynne, 2014). In rare cases it has been reported that selective breeding for a few generations of dogs may result in apparently diverging behaviourally different strains or in eradicating or reducing the frequency of problematic behaviour (Murphree et al, 1974;Takeuchi and Houpt, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The common problem with genetic estimates like this is that heritability studies are usually only relevant to the population from which they were derived and for the period of time when they were assessed (Willis, 1995). Moreover, breed differences in behaviour are influenced by both genetics, and by the environment and experience (Mehrkam and Wynne, 2014). Recent studies dealing with single behavioural traits, such as aggression (Takeuchi and Houpt, 2003) still suggest an existence of potentially useful selection criteria based on behavioural traits.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heritability of behavioural traits in domestic dogs: A meta-analysis

Hradecká

Bartoš

Svobodová

et al. 2015

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

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“…While our previous study was conducted with Labrador Retrievers, this study was performed with Beagles. We proposed to compare these two studies since it could be more meaningful to analyse the result within a breed than between breeds (Mehrkam and Wynne 2014). These two studies were conducted by similar puppy tests that evaluate dominant behaviours and aptitudes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality consistency analysis in cloned quarantine dog candidates

et al. 2017

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In recent research, personality consistency has become an important characteristic. Diverse traits and human-animal interactions, in particular, are studied in the field of personality consistency in dogs. Here, we investigated the consistency of dominant behaviours in cloned and control groups followed by the modified Puppy Aptitude Test, which consists of ten subtests to ascertain the influence of genetic identity. In this test, puppies are exposed to stranger, restraint, prey-like object, noise, startling object, etc. Six cloned and four control puppies participated and the consistency of responses at ages 7-10 and 16 weeks in the two groups was compared. The two groups showed different consistencies in the subtests. While the average scores of the cloned group were consistent (P = 0.7991), those of the control group were not (P = 0.0089). Scores of Pack Drive and Fight or Flight Drive were consistent in the cloned group, however, those of the control group were not. Scores of Prey Drive were not consistent in either the cloned or the control group. Therefore, it is suggested that consistency of dominant behaviour is affected by genetic identity and some behaviours can be influenced more than others. Our results suggest that cloned dogs could show more consistent traits than non-cloned. This study implies that personality consistency could be one of the ways to analyse traits of puppies. Canine behaviour, cloned dog, puppy aptitude testMuch effort has been made to assess the personalities of dogs to predict the temperaments of companion animals and to select working dogs more efficiently. Potential dog owners likely want to know their family member's expected characteristics. Bartlett (1979) explained how to select a family dog using the Puppy Aptitude Test. Adopting suitable animals could be the beginning of a happy life for both owners and the dogs. Breeders need to check the puppies' temperaments for similar reasons for their future dog owners. Training institutions that produce excellent working dogs focused on selecting candidates at an early age to save money and time. Svartberg et al. (2005) investigated the consistency of dogs' behaviours using a standardized behavioural test and could deduce stable traits such as playfulness, chase-proneness and sociability. Substantial consistency of dogs' personalities was reported by Fratkin et al. (2013), who determined the factors that influence consistency as the age, interaction between temperament and age, and length of time interval between tests. These authors did not, however, estimate the influence of the genetic background on consistency (Fratkin et al. 2013). Bartlett (1979) used 10 subtests to analyse puppies' behaviours, including social attraction, dominant or submissive tendency under stress, willingness to work with humans and sensitivities. Volhard and Volhard (2001) divided the subtests into three drives,

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Behavioral differences among breeds of domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris): Current status of the science

Cited by 151 publications

References 92 publications

Identifying suitable detection dogs

Identifying suitable detection dogs

Heritability of behavioural traits in domestic dogs: A meta-analysis

Personality consistency analysis in cloned quarantine dog candidates

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