Behavioral Interventions for Oral-Digital Habits

Adesso, Vincent J.; Norberg, Melissa M.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-45944-8_11

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Mild aversion therapy and habit-reversal training (HRT) are usually recommended for treatment of PNB (Allen, 1996;Silber & Haynes, 1992;Williams et al, 2007;Woods et al, 1999). However, aversion therapy does not seem to be more effective than placebo treatment according to some reports (Adesso & Norberg, 2001). HRT involves different components (Azrin & Nunn, 1973), whereby awareness training and competing response training are regarded as core elements.…”

Section: Abstract Nail-biting Impulse Control Cognitive-behavioral Therapy Habit-reversal Training Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Novel Self-Help Technique for Impulse Control Disorders

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nail-biting is currently classified as an impulse control disorder not otherwise specified. Although seldom targeted as a primary symptom, nail-biting is often associated with somatic complications and decreased quality of life. The present study assessed the effectiveness of an innovative self-help technique, titled decoupling (DC). DC aims at attenuating pathological nail-biting by performing motor sequences that decouple and rearrange the behavioral elements involved in the habit. A total of 72 participants with excessive nail-biting were recruited via specialized self-help forums and were randomized to either DC or progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) groups after baseline assessment. Four weeks later, participants underwent a similar assessment as before and were asked to rate the effectiveness of the intervention. The primary outcome parameter was the Massachusetts General Hospital Scale (MGH) adapted. Relative to the PMR group, the DC group showed significant progress in withstanding the urge to bite their nails. Furthermore, they appraised the appearance of their nails as considerably less compromised at the end of the treatment relative to participants undergoing PMR. At statistical trend level, the DC group showed a significantly greater decline on the adapted MGH relative to PMR. Despite methodological limitations, the present study asserts that the effectiveness of DC, previously shown for trichotillomania, extends to nail-biting.

show abstract

Section: Abstract Nail-biting Impulse Control Cognitive-behavioral Therapy Habit-reversal Training Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Novel Self-Help Technique for Impulse Control Disorders

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Onychophagia is reported to be a difficult behavior to modify. Long term effects of habit reversal which include awareness training, the practice of an incompatible behavior and relaxation have not yielded impressive results [ 20 ]. Furthermore, research has shown that drugs are not effective for treatment of nail biting and habit reversal techniques were not effective in long term [ 7 ].…”

Section: Co-morbidity Of Psychiatric Disorders In Children With Nail mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of nail biting and psychiatric disorders in children and their parents in a psychiatrically referred sample of children

Ghanizadeh

2008

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundNail biting (NB) is a very common unwanted behavior. The majority of children are motivated to stop NB and have already tried to stop it, but are generally unsuccessful in doing so. It is a difficult behavior to modify or treat. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of co-morbid psychiatric disorders in a clinical sample of children with NB who present at a child and adolescent mental healthcare outpatient clinic and the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in their parents.MethodA consecutive sample of 450 referred children was examined for NB and 63 (14%) were found to have NB. The children and adolescents with nail biting and their parents were interviewed according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. They were also asked about lip biting, head banging, skin biting, and hair pulling behaviors.ResultsNail biting is common amongst children and adolescents referred to a child and adolescent mental health clinic. The most common co-morbid psychiatric disorders in these children were attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (74.6%), oppositional defiant disorder (36%), separation anxiety disorder (20.6%), enuresis (15.6%), tic disorder (12.7%) and obsessive compulsive disorder (11.1%). The rates of major depressive disorder, mental retardation, and pervasive developmental disorder were 6.7%, 9.5%, 3.2%, respectively. There was no association between the age of onset of nail biting and the co-morbid psychiatric disorder. Severity and frequency of NB were not associated with any co-morbid psychiatric disorder. About 56.8% of the mothers and 45.9% of the fathers were suffering from at least one psychiatric disorder. The most common psychiatric disorder found in these parents was major depression.ConclusionNail biting presents in a significant proportion of referrals to a mental healthcare clinic setting. Nail biting should be routinely looked for and asked for in the child and adolescent mental healthcare setting because it is common in a clinical population, easily visible in consultation and relatively unintrusive to ask about. If present, its detection can then be followed by looking for other more subtle stereotypic or self-mutilating behaviors.

show abstract