Behavioral plasticity in <i>C. elegans</i>: Paradigms, circuits, genes

Hobert, Oliver

doi:10.1002/neu.10168

Cited by 159 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Two characteristic neuronal controlled behaviors, chemotaxis and 5-HT sensitivity, were assayed in these worms. The chemotaxis response in C. elegans is mediated by activation of several sensory neurons and interneurons to stimulate the motor neurons (Hobert, 2003). The CI is a measure of the fraction of worms that are able to arrive at the location of the attractants (Matsuura et al, 2005).…”

Section: Egb 761 Suppresses Neuronal A␤ Expression-induced Defect In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amyloid-β-Induced Pathological Behaviors Are Suppressed byGinkgo bilobaExtract EGb 761 and Ginkgolides in TransgenicCaenorhabditis elegans

Wu¹,

Wu²,

Butko³

et al. 2006

J. Neurosci.

378

366

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Amyloid-␤ (A␤) toxicity has been postulated to initiate synaptic loss and subsequent neuronal degeneration seen in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously demonstrated that the standardized Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761, commonly used to enhance memory and by AD patients for dementia, inhibits A␤-induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells. In this study, we use EGb 761 and its single constituents to associate A␤ species with A␤-induced pathological behaviors in a model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans. We report that EGb 761 and one of its components, ginkgolide A, alleviates A␤-induced pathological behaviors, including paralysis, and reduces chemotaxis behavior and 5-HT hypersensitivity in a transgenic C. elegans. We also show that EGb 761 inhibits A␤ oligomerization and A␤ deposits in the worms. Moreover, reducing oxidative stress is not the mechanism by which EGb 761 and ginkgolide A suppress A␤-induced paralysis because the antioxidant L-ascorbic acid reduced intracellular levels of hydrogen peroxide to the same extent as EGb 761, but was not nearly as effective in suppressing paralysis in the transgenic C. elegans. These findings suggest that (1) EGb 761 suppresses A␤-related pathological behaviors, (2) the protection against A␤ toxicity by EGb 761 is mediated primarily by modulating A␤ oligomeric species, and (3) ginkgolide A has therapeutic potential for prevention and treatment of AD.

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Section: Egb 761 Suppresses Neuronal A␤ Expression-induced Defect In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amyloid-β-Induced Pathological Behaviors Are Suppressed byGinkgo bilobaExtract EGb 761 and Ginkgolides in TransgenicCaenorhabditis elegans

Wu¹,

Wu²,

Butko³

et al. 2006

J. Neurosci.

378

366

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This is because of a simple, mature nervous system consisting of 302 neurons (White et al, 1986), well-characterized behavioral responses, and defined learning paradigms (Hobert, 2003). In addition, adult C. elegans is resistant to low-LET radiation like X-rays and γ-rays (Ishii and Suzuki, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Resistance of Caenorhabditis elegans Against High-LET Radiation Exposure

et al. 2012

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Effects of high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation on the functions of the nervous system is a potential risk in interplanetary manned space missions. However, little is known about how the ner vous system is protected against high-LET radiation exposure. The analysis of high-LET radiation resistant animals would be therefore important for space missions. Here, we investigated the resistance to high-LET radiation exposure for two behaviors of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, which is known as a model organism for the nervous system. Tested behaviors were locomotion and chemotaxis to NaCl. In addition, egg hatchability was examined as an indicator of high-LET radiation sensitivity. Relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of high-LET radiation ( 12 C, 18.3 MeV/u, LET = 113 keV/ µm) relative to low-LET radiation for hatchability was 4.5, whereas RBEs for locomotion and chemotaxis were 1.4 and 1.1, respectively. This study shows that the behavioral system for locomotion and chemotaxis of C. elegans is highly resistant to high-LET radiation exposure.

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“…For example, transport of the container including the plates of C. elegans by hand leads to mechanical stimuli that are known to change the behavior of C. elegans (Hobert, 2003). Thus, before the examination of kinetics of the radiation response for the SCL, we analyzed the CIs in sham-irradiated controls for low-and high-LET-radiation experiments.…”

Section: Cis In the Scl Conditioning Period And During The Transport mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is a unique organism for investigating learning behavior, because of well-characterized behavioral responses and defined learning paradigms (Hobert, 2003). In terms of its salt chemotaxis learning (SCL) (Saeki et al, 2001), modulation of NaCl taste occurs in C. elegans that simultaneously experiences exposure to NaCl and starvation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Low- and High-LET Radiation on the Salt Chemotaxis Learning in Caenorhabditis elegans

et al. 2012

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High linear energy transfer (LET) radiation is impor tant components of cosmic rays that has neurobiological effects: it is known to induce conditioned taste aversion, and suppress neurogenesis that may underlie cognitive impairment. However, the impact of high-LET radiation on other learning effects remains largely unknown. Here, we focus on kinetics of the radiation response for the salt chemotaxis learning (SCL) behavior in the nameatode, Caenorhabditis elegans, because the SCL during the learning conditioning was modulated after low-LET γ-irradiation. Firstly, the SCL ability was examined following high-LET irradiation ( 12 C, 18.3 MeV/u, LET = 113 keV/ µm), revealing its dose-dependent decrease after high-and low-LET exposure. Next, we demonstrate that the SCL at the early phase of the learning conditioning is greatly affected by high-and low-LET irradiation, and interestingly, the magnitude of these effects by high-LET radiation was significantly smaller than that by low-LET one. Moreover, the analysis of gpc-1 mutant showed that the G-protein γ subunit, GPC-1 is responsible for such early phase response. This study is the first to provide the evidence for the kinetics of changes in SCL after high-LET irradiation of C. elegans.

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Behavioral plasticity in C. elegans: Paradigms, circuits, genes

Cited by 159 publications

References 101 publications

Amyloid-β-Induced Pathological Behaviors Are Suppressed byGinkgo bilobaExtract EGb 761 and Ginkgolides in TransgenicCaenorhabditis elegans

Amyloid-β-Induced Pathological Behaviors Are Suppressed byGinkgo bilobaExtract EGb 761 and Ginkgolides in TransgenicCaenorhabditis elegans

Behavioral Resistance of Caenorhabditis elegans Against High-LET Radiation Exposure

Effects of Low- and High-LET Radiation on the Salt Chemotaxis Learning in Caenorhabditis elegans

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