Behavioral profile of ψ-MSH: Relationship with acta and β-endorphin action

Ree, Jan M. van; Bohus, B.; Csontos, K.; Gispen, Willem Hendrik; Greven, H. M.; Nijkamp, Frans P.; Opmeer, Fred A.; Rotte, Guus A. de; Greidanus, T.B. van Wimersma; Witter, A.; Wied, D. de

doi:10.1016/0024-3205(81)90104-1

Cited by 69 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…PREVIOUS reports from our laboratory [18,21,26] indicated that MSH/ACTH fragments effectively, but transiently, improved the cognitive and social functioning of heterogeneous groups of mentally retarded patients. These results were consistent with a large body of animal literature [4,5,16,17,18,24] and with studies in healthy volunteers [8,10,13,15,17,25,27]. However, the effects in retarded patients were more dramatic than in normal groups suggesting disregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

Disregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the mentally retarded

Sandman

Barron

Parker

1985

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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Previous reports of cognitive and social improvement in the mentally retarded after administration of MSH/ACTH fragments suggested disregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The current study examined the integrity of this system with the Dexamethasone Suppression Test (DST). The DST is a biological index of HPA integrity and recently has been used as a diagnostic aid for endogenous depression. Thirty-five mentally retarded patients were administered 1 mg of dexamethasone just after a sample of blood was taken. Blood samples were analyzed for cortisol by RIA at 11:00 p.m. (basal), 8:00 a.m., 4:00 p.m., and 10:00 p.m. Between 40% and 48% (depending on sampling) of the patients failed to suppress cortisol (greater than 4 micrograms/dl), after the DST challenge. The results suggested that a significant proportion of mentally retarded patients have a DST index reflecting a disordered HPA axis and complements earlier studies of cognitive enhancement observed after treatment with MSH/ACTH fragments. The possibility that the stress of hospitalization was related to a disordered HPA was suggested. The possible co-existence of depression in the mentally retarded invites further study.

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supporting

confidence: 90%

Disregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the mentally retarded

Sandman

Barron

Parker

1985

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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“…Thus, the γ2‐MSH peptide was practically ineffective in inducing grooming and vertical activity; instead it induced a long‐lasting cataleptic state. Our observations are somewhat in line with a previous observation indicating that γ2‐MSH is not capable of causing grooming when injected intra‐cerebroventricularly ( Van Ree et al . 1981 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…1996 ). It has earlier been hypothesized that γ2‐MSH can act as an endogenous opioid antagonist ( Van Ree et al . 1981 ), and opiate‐induced catalepsy is reported to be comparable with those induced by neuroleptics ( Costall & Naylor 1973).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural responses of γ‐MSH peptides administered into the rat ventral tegmental area

Klusa

Svirskis

Opmane

et al. 1999

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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The behavioural effects induced by alpha-, gamma1- and gamma2-MSH peptides (0.3 and 3 nmole per rat) injected into the left ventral tegmental area (VTA) of rats were compared. alpha- and gamma1-MSH caused grooming of comparable magnitude, and also additional vertical activity (rearing). By contrast gamma2-MSH caused a moderate but stable catalepsy, and practically no grooming. Moreover, intra-VTA pre-treatment with gamma2-MSH, 15 min prior to intra-VTA gamma1-MSH, markedly attenuated both the gamma1-induced grooming and vertical activities. The differences in the behavioural response of the MSH peptides indicate that they act differentially on MC receptors in the VTA.

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“…On the other hand, chronic treatment with low doses of morphine or cocaine increases MC4R receptor mRNA in the striatum and NAc (Hsu et al., 2005). Consistent with a role in drug self‐administration, central infusion of an MCR agonist decreases the acquisition of heroin self‐administration in rats (van Ree et al., 1981).…”

mentioning

confidence: 80%

Decreased Immunoreactivity of the Melanocortin Neuropeptide α‐Melanocyte‐Stimulating Hormone (α‐MSH) After Chronic Ethanol Exposure in Sprague–Dawley Rats

Navarro

Cubero

Knapp

et al. 2007

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background-The melanocortin (MC) system is composed of peptides that are cleaved from the polypeptide precursor proopiomelanocortin (POMC). Recent pharmacologic and genetic evidence suggests that MC receptor (MCR) signaling modulates neurobiologic responses to ethanol and ethanol intake. Because ethanol decreases POMC mRNA levels, we determined if exposure to an ethanol-containing diet (ED) would significantly reduce central immunoreactivity of the MC peptide α-MSH in rats. We also determined if ethanol exposure would alter the immunoreactivity of agoutirelated protein (AgRP), an endogenous MCR antagonist.

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Behavioral profile of ψ-MSH: Relationship with acta and β-endorphin action

Cited by 69 publications

References 26 publications

Disregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the mentally retarded

Disregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the mentally retarded

Behavioural responses of γ‐MSH peptides administered into the rat ventral tegmental area

Decreased Immunoreactivity of the Melanocortin Neuropeptide α‐Melanocyte‐Stimulating Hormone (α‐MSH) After Chronic Ethanol Exposure in Sprague–Dawley Rats

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