Behavioral self-control strategies for deliberately limiting drinking among college students

Werch, Chudley E.

doi:10.1016/0306-4603(90)90015-p

Cited by 38 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The 22 items for the PBSM were crafted from previous measures of PBS, including Benton et al (2004), Delva et al (2004), Werch et al (1990), and items generated from focus groups that asked, "What do students do to stay safe when they are going out to drink?" (Griffin, 2008, p. 32;Howard et al, 2007).…”

Section: Protective Behavioral Strategies Measurementioning

confidence: 99%

The assessment of protective behavioral strategies: Comparing prediction and factor structures across measures.

Pearson¹,

Kite²,

Henson³

2012

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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Protective behavioral strategies (PBS), or drinking control strategies, are specific behaviors one can utilize to minimize the harmful consequences of alcohol consumption. As there is not currently a standard measure of PBS, the goal of the present study was to examine the factor structure and concurrent validity of three scales designed to assess PBS: Protective Behavioral Strategies Scale (PBSS; Martens, M. P., Ferrier, A. G., Sheehy, M. J., Corbett, K., Anderson, D. A., & Simmons, A., 2005 Development of the Protective Behavioral Strategies Survey. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 66, 698-705), Protective Behavioral Strategies Measure (Novik, M. G., & Boekeloo, B. O., 2011, Dimensionality and psychometric analysis of an alcohol protective behavioral strategies scale. Journal of Drug Education, 41, 65-78. doi:10.2190/DE.41.1.d), and the Strategy Questionnaire (SQ); (Sugarman, D. E., & Carey, K. B., 2007), The relationship between drinking control strategies and college student alcohol use. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 21, 338-345. doi:10.1037/0893-164X.21.3.338). In a sample of college students (n=291), we used confirmatory factor analysis to examine the proposed factor structures of each scale. Although the theorized three-factor structure fit the data moderately well for the PBSS, the theorized factor structures for the Protective Behavioral Strategies Measure and SQ did not fit the data well. Further, the composite scores from the PBSS were all significantly negatively correlated with alcohol-related problems, whereas the composites of the SQ were not significantly correlated with alcohol-related problems. Although we have evidence in favor of 1 PBS measure over others, we discuss broader issues related to assessment of PBS. We consider the different instructions, response scales, and time intervals for various PBS measures in terms of how they relate to the advancement of PBS research.

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Section: Protective Behavioral Strategies Measurementioning

confidence: 99%

The assessment of protective behavioral strategies: Comparing prediction and factor structures across measures.

Pearson¹,

Kite²,

Henson³

2012

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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“…Strategy use declined successively in the moderate-heavy and heavy categories. The results of this study indicate that moderate drinkers use strategies most frequently, with abstainers and heavy drinkers using strategies at lower frequencies.Using a briefer version of the Self-Control Questionnaire, Werch (1990) investigated the relationship of strategy use to consumption. Drinkers in this sample were categorized by the degree of self-control (low, moderate, and high) based on frequency of self-control strategy use.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, participants in the moderate self-control category reported the greatest mean alcohol consumption (number of drinking days last month and number of drinks per occasion). Participants who rarely used strategies and participants who often used strategies reported lower alcohol consumption than participants who sometimes used strategies.This series of studies (Werch, 1990;Werch & Gorman, 1986;1988) established the relevance of drinking control strategies for college drinkers and suggested that strategy use was related to alcohol consumption in somewhat complex ways. However, drinking control strategies were identified in these studies as a heterogeneous set of internal cues, avoidance behaviors, and self-management strategies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This series of studies (Werch, 1990;Werch & Gorman, 1986;1988) established the relevance of drinking control strategies for college drinkers and suggested that strategy use was related to alcohol consumption in somewhat complex ways. However, drinking control strategies were identified in these studies as a heterogeneous set of internal cues, avoidance behaviors, and self-management strategies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship between drinking control strategies and college student alcohol use.

Sugarman

Carey

2007

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

111

191

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Interventions designed to reduce heavy drinking among college students often contain suggestions for drinking control strategies. However, little is known about the relationship of the use of these strategies to alcohol consumption. This study developed a measure of drinking control strategies and investigated its psychometric properties in a sample of 250 college drinkers. Strategies clustered into three factors: selective avoidance of heavy drinking activities/situations, strategies used while drinking, and alternatives to drinking. These three types of strategies were independently associated with alcohol use; however, the first and last types were negatively associated with alcohol consumption, whereas the second type was positively associated with alcohol use. The findings from this study suggest that type of strategy recommended may be important when the goal is alcohol reduction. Keywordsdrinking control strategies; alcohol use; college students Surveys of drinking in national samples of college campuses revealed that between 34 to 44% of students met criteria for heavy drinking (Douglas et al., 1997;Wechsler et al., 2002). Heavy drinking can lead to health risks (e.g., blackouts, personal injuries, physical illnesses, and unprotected sexual activity), in addition to academic, interpersonal, and legal problems (Hingson, Heeren, Winter, & Wechsler, 2005;Perkins, 2002;Aertgeerts & Buntinx, 2002). Due to the substantial risks associated with heavy college drinking, innovative risk reduction strategies are needed. Effective intervention programs have combined information, normative feedback and values clarification within a context of teaching college students skills to moderate risky drinking behaviors (Larimer & Cronce, 2002).Skills-based interventions are designed to modify high risk drinking behaviors in two ways: (a) teaching how to cope with life stresses in ways other than alcohol use (e.g., building alternative stress management, relaxation, and social skills), and (b) teaching alcohol-specific harm reduction skills (e.g., drinking in ways to avoid extreme intoxication and negative consequences). These intervention components evolved from self-management approaches for controlled drinking. For example, Miller and Muñoz (2005) developed a manual titled Controlling Your Drinking which outlines self-control strategies in three domains: while you drink, before you drink, and instead of drinking. The 'while you drink' strategies focus on slowing down drinking. The 'before you drink' strategies focus on teaching ways to gain control over drinking by understanding and changing antecedents that lead to heavy drinking. Lastly, the 'instead of drinking' strategies focus on gaining understanding of the reinforcers of alcohol use and teaching alternate ways to achieve these reinforcing effects without alcohol use.Many skills-based interventions designed for college students offer a menu of strategies or tips to students to help them moderate their drinking. However, little is known about the relationship...

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“…Werch (1990) found that protective behavioural strategies were employed at varying levels of frequency and that the degree to which these behaviours are practised is associated with health beliefs associated with alcohol use, levels of alcohol use, and the perceived effectiveness of protective strategies to limit drinking. Engaging in protective behaviours more frequently is found to be associated with lower levels of alcohol consumption and experiencing less alcohol-related problems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol consumption and protective behavioural strategy use among Australian young adults

Crawford‐Williams

Roberts

Watts

2013

International Journal of Adolescence and Youth

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Behavioral self-control strategies for deliberately limiting drinking among college students

Cited by 38 publications

References 12 publications

The assessment of protective behavioral strategies: Comparing prediction and factor structures across measures.

The assessment of protective behavioral strategies: Comparing prediction and factor structures across measures.

The relationship between drinking control strategies and college student alcohol use.

Alcohol consumption and protective behavioural strategy use among Australian young adults

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