“…Also, it can be argued that PDA vesicles would be more properly called an ''amphiphile" rather than a lipid, since it is not of biological origin and that liposomes are composed specifically of phospholipids rather than fatty acid derivatives. External stimuli such as heat, pH, mechanical stress and chemical solvents (de Oliveira, Soares, Fontes, de Oliveira, & Maradini Filho, 2012;Jelinek & Kolusheva, 2001;Okada, Peng, Spevak, & Charych, 1998) leads to rapid colour change from the initial intense blue colour to red. It is believed that stress induced twisting of the highly planar backbone lead to the colour change of PDA vesicles (Berman & Charych, 1999).…”