Behaviour of radiocaesium in forest multilayered soils

Thiry, Yves; Myttenaere, C.

doi:10.1016/0265-931x(93)90030-b

Cited by 58 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…In most forest types, most of the radioactive Cs was observed in the fragmented litter (Of) and humus (Oh) layers (Thiry and Myttenaere, 1993;Karadeniz et al, 2015). In the definition of FoRothCs, the litter layer is comprised of litter at different stages of decomposition: Ol (fresh litter), Of, and Oh.…”

Section: General Behavior Of Forothcs and A Sensitivity Test For The mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, a large proportion of the radionuclides derived from fallout tend to remain in these ecosystems for extended periods of time; for example, 137 Cs has a slow rate of decay (the half-life of 137 Cs is 30.2 years). Previous studies have shown that some of the ecosystem components in the region affected by the ChNPP event still have high levels of 137 Cs contamination due to the long effective half-life of itself or the active accumulation of 137 Cs; examples include the litter layer (Thiry and Myttenaere, 1993), wild boar (Semizhon et al, 2009), and mushrooms (Yoshida et al, 1994). Recycling of 137 Cs within the forest ecosystem is a dynamic processes in which reciprocal transfers occur between biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem on a seasonal (or longerterm) basis (Tikhomirov and Shcheglov, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling radionuclide Cs and C dynamics in an artificial forest ecosystem in Japan -FoRothCs ver1.0-

Nishina

Hayashi

2015

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Predicting the environmental fate of Cs radionuclides in forest ecosystems is important for the effective management and assessment of radioactively contaminated forest areas. A large proportion of the radioactively contaminated areas in Japan consist of forest ecosystems, and most of these areas are artificial forests that are used for timber production [e.g., Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and red pine (Pinus densiflora)]. Determining the long-term redistribution of 137 Cs in forest ecosystems is important for estimating human doses and understanding the ecological impacts and challenges associated with managing contaminated forests. To facilitate the management and 137 Cs decontamination of these forests, we developed a new open-source 137 Cs cycling model, ForRothCs, that considers C cycling within forests, as well as biomass production and soil decomposition processes. For the 137 Cs inventory, this model estimates the dynamics (Bq m −2 ) and activity (Bq kg −2 ) of 137 Cs on a decadal time scale, primarily in the leaves, branches, stems, litter layer, and the soil. This model is based on the biomass production and the dynamics of the C cycle models. We tested the model by considering a simple scenario of forest management, i.e., thinning and harvesting, for the first five years following a fallout event. The results showed that these activities have a limited impact on the 137 Cs inventory due to the rapid migration of 137 Cs from vegetation to soil. Our projections also showed the examined forest management practices resulted in reduced litterfall, which in turn reduced C input to the forest floor and increased the concentration of 137 Cs in the litterfall and soil organic layer. Although further validation of the ForRothCs model is required using field observation data, the model can be used to evaluate long-term 137 Cs dynamics associated with commonly used forest and decontamination management scenarios.

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Section: General Behavior Of Forothcs and A Sensitivity Test For The mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling radionuclide Cs and C dynamics in an artificial forest ecosystem in Japan -FoRothCs ver1.0-

Nishina

Hayashi

2015

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…The soil-to-plant transfer factor (TF S-P ) was calculated using the formula: The clay mineral present in the soil is used as a fixation material by 137 Cs, which may inhibit the bioavailability or can stay fixed to clay mineral depending upon other soil parameters like clay mineralogy, i.e., the type of clay mineral present in soil, redox potential, and microbial activity, which are not included in the present study (Golmakani et al 2008;Korabova and Chizhikova 2007). As described by Thiry and Myttenaere (1993), it is generally accepted that following the Chernobyl accident, radiocesium has been retained in the soil surface mainly due to reaction with clay and humic components and soil microflora. Along with soil texture, other soil properties also play a vital role in the transfer of radionuclides because out of the entire six different soil texture groups, four showed at least one positive sample for 137 Cs, except for loam sand and silt loam soil texture.…”

Section: Transfer Of 137 Cs and 40 K Through Soil-vegetation Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer of 137Cs and 40K from Agricultural Soils to Food Products in Terrestrial Environment of Tarapur, India

Panchal

Rao

Mehta

2011

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The 137 Cs and 40 K activities and transfer factors from soil to vegetables, grass, and milk from villages located around Tarapur Atomic Power Station (TAPS) were determined using high-resolution gamma spectrometry. A total of 32 soil, 21 vegetable, 23 dry paddy grass, and 23 milk samples were collected from 23 different agricultural farms from various villages around TAPS to determine transfer factors for natural environment. The mean concentration values for 137 Cs and 40 K in soil, grass, and milk were 2.39± 0.86 Bq kg −1 , 0.31 ± 0.23 Bq kg −1 , and 12.4 ± 5.7 mBq L − 1 and 179±31 Bq kg − 1 , 412± 138 Bq kg −1 , and 37.6±9.3 Bq L −1 , respectively, for soil-grass-milk pathway. In the soil-vegetation pathway, the mean concentrations values for 137 Cs and 40 K were 2.15±1.04 Bq kg −1 , 16.5±7.5 mBq kg −1 , and 185±24, 89±50 Bq kg −1 , respectively. The evaluated mean transfer factors from soil-grass, grass-milk, and soil-vegetation for 137 Cs were 0.14, 0.0044, and 0.0073 and that of 40 K were 2.42, 0.0053, and 0.49, respectively. Only 15 out of total 44 milk and vegetable samples were detected positive for 137 Cs, indicating a very low level of bioavailability.

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“…More than 18 years after the Chernobyl deposition, 137 Cs in forest soils still showed a high availability for uptake by plants and low leaching [5,6]. Rate of radiocaesium vertical migration in forest soils is rather slow and weak: more than a decade after the accident, most of the Chernobyl deposition of radiocesium is still in the upper organic-rich layer of the forest soil horizon [7,8,9,10]. Owing to the close chemical properties of Cs and K, which is an important element in the living organisms, 137 Cs is a important contributor to the internal radiation dose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil-plant transfer of radiocaesium in weakly contaminated forest ecosystems

Lamarque¹,

Lucot²,

Badot³

2005

Radioprotection

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Abstract. During the Chernobyl accident, large areas in Europe, particularly forests, were contaminated by radiocaesium. Soil-plant transfer is often the first step by which 137 Cs enters to food chains by incorporating the forest biogeochemical cycle. The present work is devoted to assess the soil-plant transfer of radiocaesium in weakly contaminated forest area, in the Franche-Comté region (16 202 km 2 ) in North Eastern France. This region has been markely contaminated after the Chernobyl accident. Twelve sites, with various functional features and high diversity of ecological contexts were selected to sample forests trees. Two species (Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica) and two organs, (leaves or needles and young branches) were sampled for radioactivity measurements. Radiocaesium activities in soils varied between 61 to 280 Bq.kg -1 DW at 0-5 cm depth and between 14 to 224 Bq.kg -1 DW at 10-15 cm. Radiocaesium activities in leaves, needles and branches displayed high variability. We reported a large variability of Aggregated Transfer Factors (T ag ) values with respect to vegetation type, organ type and soil features. The activity concentration in the leaves and needles were generally higher than those measured in the branches. The T ag values could be explained by the radiocaesium bioavailability variability in relation to soil type, soil features and environmental parameters.

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Behaviour of radiocaesium in forest multilayered soils

Cited by 58 publications

References 6 publications

Modeling radionuclide Cs and C dynamics in an artificial forest ecosystem in Japan -FoRothCs ver1.0-

Modeling radionuclide Cs and C dynamics in an artificial forest ecosystem in Japan -FoRothCs ver1.0-

Transfer of 137Cs and 40K from Agricultural Soils to Food Products in Terrestrial Environment of Tarapur, India

Soil-plant transfer of radiocaesium in weakly contaminated forest ecosystems

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