Behavioural responses of hatchery‐reared and wild cod<i>Gadus morhua</i>to mechano‐acoustic predator signals

Meager, Justin J.; Rodewald, Petra; Domenici, Paolo; Fernö, Anders; Järvi, Torbjörn; Skjæraasen, Jon Egil; Sverdrup, Gisle

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2011.02951.x

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Acoustic cues that could represent threats elicit consistent escape responses in individuals [9], [43], [46] and schools ([37], [47] for summary see [38]). This work represents a positive outcome in that similar to wild cod exposed to acoustic stimuli [48]; the application of infrasound and a surface disturbance event had a short-term effect on salmon behaviours, with fish returning to pre-stimulus states shortly after the cues had ceased. However its effect on flight behaviour may lessen over time as for any stimulus, repeated or extensive exposure can lead to habituation (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Group Behavioural Responses of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) to Light, Infrasound and Sound Stimuli

et al. 2013

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Understanding species-specific flight behaviours is essential in developing methods of guiding fish spatially, and requires knowledge on how groups of fish respond to aversive stimuli. By harnessing their natural behaviours, the use of physical manipulation or other potentially harmful procedures can be minimised. We examined the reactions of sea-caged groups of 50 salmon (1331±364 g) to short-term exposure to visual or acoustic stimuli. In light experiments, fish were exposed to one of three intensities of blue LED light (high, medium and low) or no light (control). Sound experiments included exposure to infrasound (12 Hz), a surface disturbance event, the combination of infrasound and surface disturbance, or no stimuli. Groups that experienced light, infrasound, and the combination of infrasound and surface disturbance treatments, elicited a marked change in vertical distribution, where fish dived to the bottom of the sea-cage for the duration of the stimulus. Light treatments, but not sound, also reduced the total echo-signal strength (indicative of swim bladder volume) after exposure to light, compared to pre-stimulus levels. Groups in infrasound and combination treatments showed increased swimming activity during stimulus application, with swimming speeds tripled compared to that of controls. In all light and sound treatments, fish returned to their pre-stimulus swimming depths and speeds once exposure had ceased. This work establishes consistent, short-term avoidance responses to these stimuli, and provides a basis for methods to guide fish for aquaculture applications, or create avoidance barriers for conservation purposes. In doing so, we can achieve the manipulation of group position with minimal welfare impacts, to create more sustainable practices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Group Behavioural Responses of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) to Light, Infrasound and Sound Stimuli

et al. 2013

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“…Numerous studies have shown that hatchery reared fish fail to apply appropriate antipredator responses (e.g. Brown & Smith 1998;Nødtvedt et al 1999;Berejikian 1995;Berejikian et al 1999;Meager et al 2011;Benhaïm et al 2012) or they lack cryptic abilities like burying skills and camouflage coloration (e.g. Maynard et al 1996;Fairchild & Howell 2004).…”

Section: Implications Of Domestication For Antipredator Skillsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Swimming training is increasing swimming performance (Farrell et al 1990;Anttila et al 2006) and swimming performance is important for foraging, predators defence and for feeding migrations. It has been shown that hatchery rearing reduces flight response behaviour (Meager et al 2011;Benhaïm et al 2012). Meager et al (2011) showed that wild caught Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) were faster in turning and were turning at larger angles during escapes from a possible predation threat than predator naïve hatchery cod.…”

Section: Enriched Rearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postrelease exploration and diel activity of hatchery, wild, and hybrid strain brown trout in seminatural streams

Alioravainen

Prokkola

Lemopoulos

et al. 2020

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Behaviour that is adaptive in captivity may be maladaptive in the wild and compromise post-release survival of hatchery fish. The understanding of behavioural variation displayed immediately after release could help to improve hatchery protocols and development of behavioural tests for assessing the fitness of fish reared for releases. We characterised the post-release behaviour of common-garden raised offspring of wild resident, captive-bred migratory, and hybrid brown trout (Salmo trutta) in two experiments: in small artificial channels, and in high and low densities in semi-natural streams. The results from semi-natural streams showed that hatchery fish were more likely to disperse downstream from the initial stocking site compared to hybrid and wild-strain fish. The small-scale experiment did not reveal this ecologically pivotal difference in post-release performance among strains, and individual responses were inconsistent between the experiments. Circadian activity patterns did not differ among strains. These detailed observations of post-release behaviour reveal significant intrinsic differences in dispersal traits among brown trout strains and suggest that selective breeding and crossbreeding can significantly affect these traits.

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“…Unlike many areas of the industrialized northern hemisphere, there has not been any seismic survey exploration in this region for many years. At a local scale, construction-related noise from pile driving or dredging makes ephemeral contributions to the ocean soundscape, but these activities are not considered major sound sources in conservation management plans that address acoustic aspects of this region, and navy exercises using tactical sonars are rare [3], [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Modeled Ship Noise Hotspots for Marine Mammals of Canada's Pacific Region

et al. 2014

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The inshore, continental shelf waters of British Columbia (BC), Canada are busy with ship traffic. South coast waters are heavily trafficked by ships using the ports of Vancouver and Seattle. North coast waters are less busy, but expected to get busier based on proposals for container port and liquefied natural gas development and expansion. Abundance estimates and density surface maps are available for 10 commonly seen marine mammals, including northern resident killer whales, fin whales, humpback whales, and other species with at-risk status under Canadian legislation. Ship noise is the dominant anthropogenic contributor to the marine soundscape of BC, and it is chronic. Underwater noise is now being considered in habitat quality assessments in some countries and in marine spatial planning. We modeled the propagation of underwater noise from ships and weighted the received levels by species-specific audiograms. We overlaid the audiogram-weighted maps of ship audibility with animal density maps. The result is a series of so-called “hotspot” maps of ship noise for all 10 marine mammal species, based on cumulative ship noise energy and average distribution in the boreal summer. South coast waters (Juan de Fuca and Haro Straits) are hotspots for all species that use the area, irrespective of their hearing sensitivity, simply due to ubiquitous ship traffic. Secondary hotspots were found on the central and north coasts (Johnstone Strait and the region around Prince Rupert). These maps can identify where anthropogenic noise is predicted to have above-average impact on species-specific habitat, and where mitigation measures may be most effective. This approach can guide effective mitigation without requiring fleet-wide modification in sites where no animals are present or where the area is used by species that are relatively insensitive to ship noise.

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Behavioural responses of hatchery‐reared and wild codGadus morhuato mechano‐acoustic predator signals

Cited by 19 publications

References 54 publications

Group Behavioural Responses of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) to Light, Infrasound and Sound Stimuli

Group Behavioural Responses of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) to Light, Infrasound and Sound Stimuli

Postrelease exploration and diel activity of hatchery, wild, and hybrid strain brown trout in seminatural streams

Identifying Modeled Ship Noise Hotspots for Marine Mammals of Canada's Pacific Region

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