Behavioural test battery for the Back of the Brain project

Robotham, Ro Julia; Kerry, S; Rice, Gillian; Leff, Alexander; Ml, Ralph; Starrfelt, Randi

doi:10.31234/osf.io/jyk9p

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…All patients completed a detailed neuropsychological battery, which was designed to test, systematically, a broad range of visual perceptual functions (described in detail in Robotham et al . 32 ). Here, we report results from tests of face, word and object recognition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Devising tasks that test face and word recognition in comparable ways has been a particular challenge for the field. 32,33 To overcome this potential pitfall, we designed and selected tests that were comparable in experimental setup and response mode across domains, including tests of delayed matching, recognition memory, familiarity judgements, and naming for each stimulus type.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic evaluation of high level visual deficits and lesions in posterior cerebral artery stroke

Robotham

Rice

Leff

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Knowledge about the consequences of stroke on high level vision comes primarily from single case studies of patients selected based on their behavioural profiles with deficits in the recognition of a specific visual category such as faces or words. There are, however, no systematic, detailed, large-scale evaluations of the more typical clinical behavioural and lesion profiles of impairments in high level vision that may follow posterior cerebral artery (PCA) stroke. These goals were met by the current study through the data collected in the Back of the Brain (BoB) project: to date, the largest (N=64) and most detailed examination of patients with cortical PCA strokes selected based on lesion location rather than behavioural symptoms.We present here two complementary analyses of the structural neuroimaging data and key indices of behavioural performance with the visual processing words, objects and faces: (1) a multivariate multiple regression analysis to establish the relationships between lesion volume, lesion laterality or the presence of a bilateral lesion with performance on words, objects and faces; and, (2) a voxel-based correlational method (VBCM) analysis to establish whether there are distinct or separate regions within the PCA territory that underpin the visual processing of these categories.In contrast to the characterization of specific stroke syndromes like pure alexia or prosopagnosia in the literature, most patients in our cohort showed more general deficits in high level vision (n=22) or no deficits at all (n=21). Category-selective deficits were rare (n=6), and were only found for words, which, interestingly could follow left or right hemisphere lesions. The lesion analyses mainly confirmed the pattern reported in more selective cases: word recognition impairments are associated with a left-sided pattern of damage and face recognition deficits with a bilateral albeit right-dominant lesion pattern. Importantly, however, both general and more selective impairment may follow from left or right unilateral as well as bilateral lesions.While the findings provide partial support for the relative laterality of posterior brain regions supporting reading in the left and, to a lesser extent, face processing in the right hemisphere, the results suggest that both hemispheres are involved in the visual processing of faces, words and objects. This has ramifications for researchers studying the healthy brain and for clinicians working with patients with PCA stroke. Clinicians are recommended to carry out formal assessment of face, word and object recognition as most patients are expected to present with a mixed picture of deficits.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic evaluation of high level visual deficits and lesions in posterior cerebral artery stroke

Robotham

Rice

Leff

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Many of these do not transfer from one domain to the other, due to pertaining to specific properties of the stimuli. For a battery of tasks used in the face and word processing literature, see Robotham et al [ 101 ]). Indeed, the expressions of holistic processing previously found for faces, i.e., the inversion (e.g., [ 80 , 102 ]), the part-whole (e.g., [ 78 ]), and the composite (e.g., [ 74 ]) effects, have also been reported in visual word recognition (see [ 103 ]).…”

Section: How Are Faces and Words Processed?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Domain Specificity vs. Domain Generality: The Case of Faces and Words

Ventura,

Cruz

2023

Vision

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Faces and words are ever-present stimuli in social environments that require fine-grained, efficient discrimination of their constituents in order to acquire meaning. Provided that these stimuli share multiple characteristics, while simultaneously being different visual object categories in important ways, a debate has ensued pertaining to whether their processing can be reduced to a common mechanism or whether each category mobilizes exclusive resources. We thus first present briefly domain-specific and domain-general accounts, as opposing perspectives that highlight the absence and presence of commonalities in face and word processing, respectively. We then focus on how faces and words are processed. While faces are usually associated with holistic processing of facial features, to create a perceptual whole, there is no such consensus pertaining to word processing. Words have been argued to rely on either letter-by-letter processing or in a way closer to that of faces, since they are also objects of expertise. Lastly, we advance the debate by providing an overview of our latest research findings. These findings provide a more direct comparison of face and word processing, by incorporating both stimuli in one task concurrently.

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