“…Control cultures may be used if one is running a series of experiments, but unless the control itself is standardized, the results obtained will be purely relative, i.e., percent increase or decrease compared with the control. The use of ground glass has been suggested by Kleinmann (1925). Instead of using bacterial cultures as standards, turbid chemical suspensions have been found satisfactory (Hockenyos, 1928;McFarland, 1907).…”