Protection of the anterior lens capsule and the iris by suitable means in perforating keratoplasties has for a long time been under investigation. For this purpose Filatow (1933) used an ivory pleat, and NiHetiE (1936) a modification of the latter, a specially construated knife to be inserted into the anterior chamber and kept there during the trephining. M. Vannas (1939) used a special spatula of beechwood and he also injected 10-20 per cent gelatin into the anterior chamber in keratoplasties. S. Vannas (1954) injected into the anterior chamber of rabbits different kinds of waxes. Twenty one combinations of large molecular waxes were tested and by freezing with ice, brought to form a solid sheet in the anterior chamber. The eyes tolerated the waxes well, but their resorption was unsatisfactory. Gelfilm has been used in connection with cyclodialysis operations to keep the cleft open (Barsky and Schimek, 1958). Lava1 (1955) reported that strips of Gelfilm introduced into the anterior chambers of the eyes of rabbits disappeared without leaving any trace and no adverse reactions resulted. Lehman (1959), however, found that Gelfilm was not innocuous in all cases, since in some individuals it provoked a plastic iritis. M. Vannas (1939) used gelatin solutions of 10 and 20 per cent in perforating keratoplasties, whereby the gelatin solutions injected into the anterior chambers slowly escaped after the threphining.The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of concentrated gelatin solutions injected into the anterior chamber on the cornea, their disappearance from the eye, and the possibility of their forming a solid mass to protect the lens and iris.In previous experiments we had injected suspensions of methylcellulose (Tylose and Modocell-E 400) and agar-agar solutions into the anterior chamber of 433