Beliefs and opinions about the existence of life outside the earth: The UFO Experiences Questionnaire (UFO-Q)

Who falls for fake news? Psychological and clinical profiling evidence of fake news consumers

“…Several studies have found significant increases in pseudoscientific beliefs and psychopathological risks during the coronavirus pandemic ( Escolà-Gascón et al, 2020 ). Pseudoscientific beliefs are frequently irrational (e.g., believing in the existence of the Loch Ness monster), but they do not necessarily have to be magical (e.g., believing in the existence of intelligent extra-terrestrial life) (see Dagnall, Munley, et al, 2010 ; Dagnall, Parker, et al, 2010 ; Dagnall et al, 2011 ; Vickers, 2020 ; Escolà-Gascón, O’Neill, & Gallifa, 2021 ). In this latter example, the content is not magical because astrophysicists are looking for and finding a multitude of exoplanets (see the publication of Samland et al, 2021 ).…”

Popular epistemically unwarranted beliefs inventory (PEUBI): A psychometric instrument for assessing paranormal, pseudoscientific and conspiracy beliefs

“…Despite the potential value of research into EUB, in Spain there is the obstacle of having very few EUB validated scales: to the best of our knowledge, there is only the Spanish adaptation of the Revised Paranormal Belief Scale (RPBS-Sp; Díaz-Vilela & Álvarez-González, 2004), the Pseudoscientific Belief Scale (PSEUDO-RS; Fasce et al, 2021), the Pseudoscience Endorsement Scale (PES; Torres et al, 2020), the UFO Experiences Questionnaire (UFO-Q; Escolà-Gasc on et al, 2021), some subscales of the Spanish adaptation of the Expressions of Spirituality Inventory (ESI-Sp;Muñoz-García, 2013), and the Spanish adaptation of the Generic Conspiracist Beliefs Scale (GCBS-Sp; Fasce et al, 2022). Despite the great advance brought by the existing psychometric instruments, there are some limitations that should be noted.…”