Benchmarking of antibiotic usage: An adjustment to reflect antibiotic stewardship program outcome in a hospital in Saudi Arabia

Momattin, Hisham; Al-Ali, Anfal Y.; Mohammed, Khurram; Al‐Tawfiq, Jaffar A.

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2017.08.008

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, for the findings to be globally relevant, more studies, particularly in real world settings across a diverse range of geographies and resource settings are required, so that a full critical appraisal of the true value of these programs can be made. This will not only allow our ability to develop high value bespoke models of ASP based on robust clinical and economic data but also consider creating benchmarks, an area fraught with challenges [152, 153].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Value of hospital antimicrobial stewardship programs [ASPs]: a systematic review

Nathwani

Varghese

Stephens

et al. 2019

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

315

209

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BackgroundHospital antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) aim to promote judicious use of antimicrobials to combat antimicrobial resistance. For ASPs to be developed, adopted, and implemented, an economic value assessment is essential. Few studies demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of ASPs. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the economic and clinical impact of ASPs.MethodsAn update to the Dik et al. systematic review (2000–2014) was conducted on EMBASE and Medline using PRISMA guidelines. The updated search was limited to primary research studies in English (30 September 2014–31 December 2017) that evaluated patient and/or economic outcomes after implementation of hospital ASPs including length of stay (LOS), antimicrobial use, and total (including operational and implementation) costs.ResultsOne hundred forty-six studies meeting inclusion criteria were included. The majority of these studies were conducted within the last 5 years in North America (49%), Europe (25%), and Asia (14%), with few studies conducted in Africa (3%), South America (3%), and Australia (3%). Most studies were conducted in hospitals with 500–1000 beds and evaluated LOS and change in antibiotic expenditure, the majority of which showed a decrease in LOS (85%) and antibiotic expenditure (92%). The mean cost-savings varied by hospital size and region after implementation of ASPs. Average cost savings in US studies were $732 per patient (range: $2.50 to $2640), with similar trends exhibited in European studies. The key driver of cost savings was from reduction in LOS. Savings were higher among hospitals with comprehensive ASPs which included therapy review and antibiotic restrictions.ConclusionsOur data indicates that hospital ASPs have significant value with beneficial clinical and economic impacts. More robust published data is required in terms of implementation, LOS, and overall costs so that decision-makers can make a stronger case for investing in ASPs, considering competing priorities. Such data on ASPs in lower- and middle-income countries is limited and requires urgent attention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Value of hospital antimicrobial stewardship programs [ASPs]: a systematic review

Nathwani

Varghese

Stephens

et al. 2019

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

315

209

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A combination of interferon-α-2a with ribavirin was administered to patients with severe MERS-CoV infection and the survival of these patients was improved [87]. During the SARS outbreak in 2003, Intravenous gammaglobulin (IVIg) was used extensively in Singapore.…”

Section: Immunoenhancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of combining virtual screening and antiviral treatments of the Sars-CoV-2 (Covid-19)

Khodadadi

Maroufi

Khodadadi

et al. 2020

Microbial Pathogenesis

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The recent epidemic outbreak of a novel human coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 and causing the respiratory tract disease COVID-19 has reached worldwide resonance and a global effort is being undertaken to characterize the molecular features and evolutionary origins of this virus. Therefore, rapid and accurate identification of pathogenic viruses plays a vital role in selecting appropriate treatments, saving people's lives and preventing epidemics. Additionally, general treatments, coronavirus-specific treatments, and antiviral treatments useful in fighting COVID-19 are addressed. This review sets out to shed light on the SARS-CoV-2 and host receptor recognition, a crucial factor for successful virus infection and taking immune-informatics approaches to identify Band T-cell epitopes for surface glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. A variety of improved or new approaches also have been developed. It is anticipated that this will assist researchers and clinicians in developing better techniques for timely and effective detection of coronavirus infection. Moreover, the genomic sequence of the virus responsible for COVID-19, as well as the experimentally determined three-dimensional structure of the Main protease (Mpro) is available. The reported structure of the target Mpro was described in this review to identify potential drugs for COVID-19 using virtual high throughput screening. 1. Introduction Coronavirus is a type of single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus [1] Before the emergence of Sars-CoV-2, there are 6 known human coronaviruses, including the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The symptoms caused by Sars-CoV-2 infection include acute respiratory distress syndrome (~29%), acute cardiac injury (~12%) or acute kidney injury (~7%) [2], implying that Sars-CoV-2 may infect various human tissues. COVID-19 is a highly infectious disease [3,4] associated with high mortality [5]. SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, is a betacoronavirus [6]. The previous name for this virus was Sars-CoV-2. The genome of SARS-CoV-2 has been sequenced [7,8]. The genomic sequence of SARS-CoV-2 has 96% similarity to the bat-coronavirus and 76.5% identity to the SARS-CoV [9]. Although there are no approved drugs or vaccines for COVID-19, some clinical

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“…The major stakeholders of ASPs include infectious disease (ID) physicians [21], clinical pharmacists [22,23], infection control practitioners [24], and nurses [25] who are playing their defined and expanded roles in preventing and treating infectious diseases. Numerous countries have implemented ASPs in different healthcare settings to get optimal health benefits in terms of reduction in AMR as well as cost-effectiveness in drug therapy [26,27,28,29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective of Pakistani Physicians towards Hospital Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs: A Multisite Exploratory Qualitative Study

Hayat

Rosenthal

Gillani

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat and the antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) is a globally used tool to combat AMR. There is little information on the views among Pakistani physicians regarding AMR and the benefits of hospital antimicrobial stewardship implementation. This study was designed to explore the physicians’ views about ASP. Methods: Qualitative face-to-face and telephonic interviews were conducted by using purposive sampling method with 22 physicians working in seven tertiary care public hospitals of Punjab, Pakistan. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative software was used, and a thematic analysis was conducted. Results: Three broad themes were identified: (1) the growing concern of antimicrobial resistance in Pakistan, (2) the role(s) of healthcare professionals in antibiotic prescribing, and (3) managing antibiotic resistance in hospitals. Inadequate resources, poor healthcare facilities, and insufficiently trained medical staff were the major hurdles in ASP implementation in Pakistan. Conclusions: Our study found a poor familiarity of hospital ASP among physicians working in public sector tertiary care teaching hospitals, and a number of distinct themes emerged during this study that could be helpful in establishing the concept of hospital ASP in Pakistan. Overall, physicians showed a positive attitude towards the enforcement of ASP in all healthcare settings, including teaching hospitals.

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Benchmarking of antibiotic usage: An adjustment to reflect antibiotic stewardship program outcome in a hospital in Saudi Arabia

Cited by 30 publications

References 27 publications

Value of hospital antimicrobial stewardship programs [ASPs]: a systematic review

Value of hospital antimicrobial stewardship programs [ASPs]: a systematic review

Study of combining virtual screening and antiviral treatments of the Sars-CoV-2 (Covid-19)

Perspective of Pakistani Physicians towards Hospital Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs: A Multisite Exploratory Qualitative Study

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