Beneficial effect of xylo-oligosaccharides and fructo-oligosaccharides in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Gobinath, Duraiswamy; Madhu, Arenahalli Ningegowda; Giribhattanavar, Prashant; Srinivasan, Krishnapura; Prapulla, S. G.

doi:10.1017/s0007114510000243

Cited by 118 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Table 3 Whole-body (wet weight basis, %), liver composition (g 100 g -1 liver), hepatosomatic and visceral somatic indices of gilthead sea bream fed the experimental diets at two In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, FOS were able to improve glucose tolerance by reducing hyperglycaemia (Gobinath et al 2010). Such an effect was not observed in the present study, whereas plasma glucose levels in prebiotic-fed fish were similar to the control group or even higher.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Effects of short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS) and rearing temperature on growth performance and hepatic intermediary metabolism in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles

Guerreiro

Enes

Oliva-Teles

2015

Fish Physiol Biochem

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The effect of dietary short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS) incorporation on growth, feed utilization, body composition, plasmatic metabolites and liver activity of key enzymes of lipogenic and amino acid catabolic pathways was evaluated in gilthead sea bream reared at 18 and 25 °C. Four practical diets containing plant ingredients and fish meal (50:50) as protein sources and supplemented with 0, 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 % scFOS were fed to triplicate groups of fish for 8 weeks. Growth performance, feed efficiency and nitrogen retention were higher at 25 °C. In fish reared at 18 °C, there was a positive correlation between dietary scFOS concentration and growth. At 18 °C, liver glycogen was higher in fish fed the control diet, while at 25 °C it was higher in fish fed the 0.5 % scFOS diet. Plasma cholesterol LDL was lower in fish fed 0.25 % scFOS diet, and in fish reared at 18 °C plasma glucose was higher in fish fed the 0.1 % scFOS diet. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, fatty acid synthetase and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) activities were higher in fish reared at 18 °C, whereas alanine aminotransferase activity was higher in fish reared at 25 °C. scFOS affected ASAT activity, which was lower in fish fed 0.25 % scFOS diet. Although, scFOS seemed to have no major effects on gilthead sea bream metabolism, the positive correlation between dietary prebiotic incorporation and growth at 18 °C indicates a beneficial effect of scFOS in fish reared at low temperatures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Effects of short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS) and rearing temperature on growth performance and hepatic intermediary metabolism in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles

Guerreiro

Enes

Oliva-Teles

2015

Fish Physiol Biochem

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“…In a randomized double-blind clinical trial with type 2 diabetic patients in Taiwan, XOS supplementation was administered for eight weeks, and this treatment was effective in reducing the blood lipid profile and blood glucose levels [42]. XOS also exhibits hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic properties, and complications in kidney tissues improve by regulation of antioxidant enzymes in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats [43]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xylobiose, an Alternative Sweetener, Ameliorates Diabetes-Related Metabolic Changes by Regulating Hepatic Lipogenesis and miR-122a/33a in db/db Mice

Lim

Kim

et al. 2016

Nutrients

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Type 2 diabetes is a major public health concern worldwide. Xylobiose (XB) consists of two molecules of d-xylose and is a major disaccharide in xylooligosaccharides that are used as prebiotics. We hypothesized that XB could regulate diabetes-related metabolic and genetic changes via microRNA expression in db/db mice. For six weeks, C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice received 5% XB as part of the total sucrose content of their diet. XB supplementation improved glucose tolerance with reduced levels of OGTT AUC, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin, and HOMA-IR. Furthermore, XB supplementation decreased the levels of total triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-C. The expression levels of miR-122a and miR-33a were higher and lower in the XB group, respectively. In the liver, expressions of the lipogenic genes, including, fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1C (SREBP-1C), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), ATP-binding cassette transporter G5/G8 (ABCG5/8), cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), and sterol 12-alpha-hydroxylase (CYP8B1), as well as oxidative stress markers, including superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase, were also regulated by XB supplementation. XB supplementation inhibited the mRNA expressions levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, interleukin (IL)-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, as well as phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress activated protein kinase (JNK/SAPK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2). These data demonstrate that XB exhibits anti-diabetic, hypolipogenic, and anti-inflammatory effects via regulation of the miR-122a/33a axis in db/db mice.

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“…In these studies, XOS was shown to significantly increase the population of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the cecum (10,11). An in vitro study using swine fecal microbiota showed the highest SCFA production during fermentation of XOS (12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of Xylo-Oligosaccharides on Broiler Chicken Performance and Microbiota

Maesschalck

Eeckhaut

Maertens³

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

195

153

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hIn broiler chickens, feed additives, including prebiotics, are widely used to improve gut health and to stimulate performance. Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) are hydrolytic degradation products of arabinoxylans that can be fermented by the gut microbiota. In the current study, we aimed to analyze the prebiotic properties of XOS when added to the broiler diet. Administration of XOS to chickens, in addition to a wheat-rye-based diet, significantly improved the feed conversion ratio. XOS significantly increased villus length in the ileum. It also significantly increased numbers of lactobacilli in the colon and Clostridium cluster XIVa in the ceca. Moreover, the number of gene copies encoding the key bacterial enzyme for butyrate production, butyryl-coenzyme A (butyryl-CoA):acetate CoA transferase, was significantly increased in the ceca of chickens administered XOS. In this group of chickens, at the species level, Lactobacillus crispatus and Anaerostipes butyraticus were significantly increased in abundance in the colon and cecum, respectively. In vitro fermentation of XOS revealed cross-feeding between L. crispatus and A. butyraticus. Lactate, produced by L. crispatus during XOS fermentation, was utilized by the butyrate-producing Anaerostipes species. These data show the beneficial effects of XOS on broiler performance when added to the feed, which potentially can be explained by stimulation of butyrate-producing bacteria through cross-feeding of lactate and subsequent effects of butyrate on gastrointestinal function. Cereal fibers are composed of carbohydrate polymers that are resistant to digestion in the small intestines of monogastric animals but are completely or partially fermented in the distal gut, and they are believed to stimulate gut health (1). The main components of the cereal fiber fraction are arabinoxylans (AX), pectins, resistant starch, cellulose, ␤-glucans, and lignin (2). Hydrolytic degradation of the heteropolymer AX results in a mixture of arabinose-substituted xylo-oligosaccharides (arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides) (AXOS) and nonsubstituted xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) (3). XOS are oligomers consisting of xylose units linked through ␤-(1-4) linkages (4). Selective fermentation of XOS has been shown to induce changes in both the composition and activity of the gastrointestinal microbiota, improving the health and well-being of the host. This suggests that XOS could fulfill the definition of a prebiotic (5). The production of lactate and shortchain fatty acids (SCFA), including butyrate, upon fermentation of XOS, has been confirmed in several in vitro and in vivo studies (3, 6). Lactate can stimulate butyrate production due to crossfeeding between lactate-producing bacteria and lactate-utilizing butyrate-producing bacteria from Clostridium cluster XIVa (7). Butyrate has proven beneficial effects on gastrointestinal function, since it has anti-inflammatory properties, fuels epithelial cells, and increases the intestinal epithelial integrity. In addition, butyrate has been shown to improve growth pe...

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Beneficial effect of xylo-oligosaccharides and fructo-oligosaccharides in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Cited by 118 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS) and rearing temperature on growth performance and hepatic intermediary metabolism in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles

Effects of short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS) and rearing temperature on growth performance and hepatic intermediary metabolism in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles

Xylobiose, an Alternative Sweetener, Ameliorates Diabetes-Related Metabolic Changes by Regulating Hepatic Lipogenesis and miR-122a/33a in db/db Mice

Effects of Xylo-Oligosaccharides on Broiler Chicken Performance and Microbiota

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